By fully utilizing the features of poetry text and related knowledge, this paper proposes a model SACAP for sentiment analysis of Chinese ancient poems integrating explicit knowledge and implicit knowledge. On the one hand, the model extracts deep semantic features from poetry text, and on the other hand, on the basis of constructing a knowledge base of Chinese ancient poetry, it designs a multidimensional attention mechanism to extract features from Chinese ancient poetry knowledge. The sentiment of Chinese ancient poetry can be determined by taking both features into consideration. The experimental results show that the proposed model performs better than existing models and the explicit knowledge plays much more important role, compared with implicit knowledge.

This paper proposes a deep learning-based time-domain denoising method for micro-earthquake recordings by combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM). Based on micro-earthquake observation data from Zigong and Neijiang areas of Sichuan, the structural model and focal mechanism of the region are used to generate a synthetic noise-free dataset by numerical modeling, which is then combined with observed micro-earthquake noise to create a synthetic noisy dataset. A high-performance and stable denoising model is obtained through training of the deep learning network, demonstrating excellent generalization performance on the validation set. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method demonstrates excellent denoising performance and better preserves the detailed characteristics of both the waveform and the spectrum of the noise-free signal. Application to micro-earthquake observation data of Zigong and Neijiang areas demonstrates the model’s strong denoising performance and generalization ability on real-world data.

Taking the Guanlan River in Shenzhen as an example, this study investigated the pollution level, spatiotemporal distribution, sources, and ecological risks of 20 phthalate esters (PAEs) in river water. It was found that in 2021, the concentrations of the 20 PAEs (Σ₂₀PAEs) ranged from 30.29–9755.87 ng/L with an average of 2550.73 ng/L in the dry season (DS) and 359.87–27247.01 ng/L with an average of 5262.87 ng/L in the wet season (WS), respectively, being higher in the WS than those in the DS. The Σ₂₀PAEs in the water of the Guanlan River were significantly lower in the main stream than those in the tributaries (p < 0.05). Moreover, their pollution was more serious downstream of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) than upstream. The contents of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) were the highest in the DS and WS, respectively. The proportion of DEHP was significantly higher downstream of WWTPs than upstream (p < 0.05). Source analysis indicated that PAEs in the Guanlan River originated from diverse sources such as plastics, cosmetics, and personal care products. The ecological risk assessment revealed that PAEs posed the greatest risk to algae. The risk quotients (RQs) of most samples were greater than 1, indicating a high ecological risk of PAEs in the Guanlan River. Among them, DEHP should be given special attention.

Based on the ambient air quality monitoring data of 7 cities in Tibet from 2017 to 2023, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in ambient air in Tibet were analyzed by correlation analysis and GIS Kriging interpolation. The results showed that in Tibet region, the days with PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 as the primary pollutants were characterized by good ambient air quality, mainly concentrated in January–March and October–December. The variation trend of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentration was consistent. The average annual concentration in the whole region reached the first-level standard and showed a downward trend, and the seasonal average concentration showed the characteristics of winter>spring>autumn>summer. The average monthly concentration began to decrease from May, reaching the lowest in August and the highest in December. The hourly concentration showed bimodal characteristics, and the peak appeared from 09:00 to 12:00 in the morning and from 21:00 to 01:00 in the next day. The concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in Nyingchi City in southeastern Tibet were significantly lower than those in other cities, while the concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in Nagqu City in northern Tibet were significantly higher than those in other cities. According to the analysis of Sugimoto model, in the exceedance days with particulate matter as the primary pollutant, dust weather had a particularly significant impact on the concentration of PM₁₀ in the atmospheric environment of Tibet, the average content of dust components in PM₁₀ was 87.9%. 

Based on the monitoring data of 18 river sections, this study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution, sources and ecological risks of 8 heavy metal ions in the upper reaches of Wujiang River, and analyzed the influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the migration and distribution of heavy metals. The results showed that the overall content of heavy metals in the upper reaches of Wujiang River was low with significant seasonal variations, and the average concentrations of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Cd and Sb were 0.71, 19.20, 0.17, 1.09, 0.73, 0.65, 0.06 and 1.22 μg/L, respectively, which were all lower than the level of Class III of the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water. Principal component analysis revealed a homology among Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cd and Sb, primarily sourced from natural origins. Cu was additionally affected by industrial activities including electroplating, printing and dyeing, while as was partially originated from the application of pesticides and fertilizers. Heavy metals showed positive correlations with DOM and its fluorescent components C1–C4, indicating that DOM could promote the migration and enrichment of heavy metals in water. Cr, Fe, Co, Ni and Sb showed significant positive correlation with DOM characteristic parameters SUVA₂₅₄ and BIX, further confirming that DOM with higher aromaticity and biological reactivity showed higher metal affinities. The evaluation results of single factor and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index suggested that the pollution level of heavy metals in the upper reaches of the Wujiang River retained relatively low, rendering it an ideal source of drinking water. However, the potential ecological risks of heavy metals under the influence of DOM need more concern. 

Making full use of the economic properties of carbon sinks and the carbon trading market mechanism, scientific development of mangrove carbon sinks and the realization of emission reduction trading can bring additional economic benefits, and play a positive role in promoting the protection and restoration of mangroves. This article systematically summarizes the overview and the development technology of mangrove carbon sink, as well as the current status of carbon trading and its problems. The corresponding suggestions and countermeasures included as follows. 1) Strengthen basic research and promote the sustainable implementation of the development methodology of mangrove carbon sink projects in China. 2) Utilize the carbon inclusive market mechanism to expand the development path of mangrove carbon sinks. 3) Explore mangrove carbon sink trading and offsetting methods to improve mangrove carbon sink rate of return. 4) Encourage social capital to enter the development and trading of mangrove carbon sinks, and strengthen the protection and restoration of mangroves.

In order to accurately grasp the emission characteristics of anthropogenic air pollutants in Kunming, this study utilizes statistical data from the statistical yearbook and various municipal departments, integrating enterprise surveys, field sampling, and on-site interviews and investigations to establish an anthropogenic emission inventory for Kunming in 2018. The source spectrum data for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Kunming were obtained through emission outlet testing at key enterprises and literature research. A detailed list of VOCs sub-species in Kunming was compiled, and their ozone formation potential was calculated. The results showed that the emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), carbon monoxide (CO), VOCs, ammonia (NH₃), particulate matter (PM₁₀), fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) in Kunming during 2018 were 13476.92 tons, 53327.85 tons, 397383.83 tons, 55514.73 tons, 20465.41 tons, 75473.99 tons, 29405.57 tons, 1947.53 tons, 4405.39 tons, respectively. Among these, the primary emission sources for NO_x were mobile sources (50.7%), NH₃ were agricultural sources (88.5%), PM₁₀ were dust sources (44.1%) and process sources (43.1%). The main emission sources of CO, VOCs and PM_2.5 were process sources, which accounted for 68.2%, 41.7%, and 51.2% of the emissions of different pollutants, respectively. The primary emission sources for SO₂, BC and OC were stationary combustion sources of fossil fuel, with emission shares of 53.0%, 45.0% and 35.9%, respectively. Pollutants were mainly concentrated in the 5 districts of the main city as well as in Anning City. Within the 5 districts of the main city, pollutants were distributed outward from the center along Youth Road and Renmin Middle Road, with relatively few pollutants found in Chenggong District. SO₂, BC, and OC were mainly distributed by high-value point sources, NO_x, CO, VOCs, and PM_2.5 were distributed by a combination of line and point sources. PM₁₀ presented a spatial distribution characterized by a combination of point and surface sources. NH₃ showed a significant spatial distribution characteristics of surface sources. VOCs sub-species inventory emissions were dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes, with the main sources being vehicle emissions and architectural coatings, as well as the industrial solvent. Ozone formation potentials (OFP) for aromatic hydrocarbons accounted for up to 49.9%, with species such as (m- and p-) xylene, toluene, and ethylene comprising a relatively high proportion of the VOCs species. 

Network analysis, element correlation analysis and phylogenetic analysis are applied in the visualization methods study of mineral crystal chemistry data. Taking P-bearing minerals as an example, force-directed network and bipartite network diagram of mineral composition and genesis, phylogenetic tree of mineral crystal characteristics and correlation heat maps of mineral component elements are drawn. These methods also take into account the spatial and temporal distribution, evolutionary diversity and physical and chemical properties of minerals. The use of these visual analysis methods is helpful to explore the evolution of the Earth’s environment using mineralogical records through deep time and understand its evolutionary process and driving mechanism.

The first nitrous acid (HONO) observation was conducted in Kunming of Yunnan Province, from April to May 2021 with frequent ozone (O₃) pollution events. To evaluate the impact of HONO on O₃, the WRF-Chem model simulations were conducted, with two cases including or excluding potential HONO sources. Based on the comparison between simulations and the corresponding observations, it was found that the application of the MEIC inventory (version 2020) could reasonably simulate HONO, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), O₃ and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in urban Kunming. The additional HONO sources noticeably enhanced atmospheric oxidation capacity in Kunming and accelerated the hydroxyl radical (OH) production rate, leading to an O₃ enhancement of (2–6)×10⁻⁹ with the corresponding percentage enhancement of 2%–8% at the Kunming site within the height of 0–4 km and an O₃ enhancement of (4–7)×10⁻⁹ near the ground at the Kunming site and its surrounding area. The O₃-VOCs-NO_x sensitivity was also influenced by the potential HONO sources. This study deepened the understanding of HONO, atmospheric oxidation capacity and O₃ formation in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and could be helpful for regional O₃ pollution control. 

To investigate the migration trajectory of the center of gravity of rural settlements in China from 2000 to 2018 and its impact on the intensive utilization of rural settlements and the spatial pattern of cultivated land occupation, the methods of center of gravity model and standard deviation ellipse model were employed. The results showed that from 2000 to 2018, the center of gravity of Chinese rural settlements migrated 17545.67 meters to the northwest, including 8843.191 meters to the west and 15154.162 meters to the north. During the four periods of 2000–2005, 2005–2010, 2010–2015, and 2015–2018, the center of gravity of rural settlements in China followed a trajectory of “southwest-southeast-northwest-northwest” with migration speeds of 894.326, 854.994, 1368.894 and 8108.936 m/a, respectively. Before 2010, the center of gravity primarily migrated southward at a relative slow pace, while after 2010, it migrated rapidly towards the northwest. From 2000 to 2018, the spatial distribution range of rural settlements in China showed a trend of initial contraction followed by expansion. Specifically, the distribution range decreased from 2000 to 2015 and expanded after 2015. Rural settlements exhibited a clustering pattern in the main trend direction (north-south) and a dispersing pattern in the east-west direction. The study shows that the utilization of rural settlements in northern China is more extensive, especially in northern, northeastern and eastern China, where the per capita area and growth rate of rural settlements are faster, the degree of intensive utilization is lower. The net occupation of arable land by rural settlements is the highest in the country, making it the region with the most serious occupation of arable land. The central-southern and southwestern regions are more intensive. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for understanding the dynamics of the evolution of rural settlements and guiding the adjustment of the spatial layout of rural settlements.

This paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019 and the digital inclusive finance development index of Peking University to measure the comprehensive index of new urbanization with the entropy weight method and constructs a two-way fixed-effect model to empirically study the influence of digital inclusive finance on new urbanization. The research shows that digital financial inclusion can promote new urbanization and achieve comprehensive enhancement of population, economy, society, land urbanization and urban-rural coordination. There is a structural effect of digital financial inclusion, and the main role is played by the breadth of coverage and digitalization of digital financial inclusion. In terms of impact mechanism, digital financial inclusion can promote population entrepreneurship and local government debt financing, which in turn promotes new urbanization. From the heterogeneity analysis, the impact effect is greater in central and western regions than in eastern regions, and the impact effect in areas with low fiscal self-sufficiency rate is greater than that in areas with high fiscal self-sufficiency rate. The degree of digitalization plays an important role in different regions, showing a “digital dividend” and “timely help” effect in general. The research provides new theoretical and empirical support for the implementation of a new urbanization strategy.

Carbon components, water-soluble ions and their gaseous precursors in atmospheric PM_2.5 in Taian were monitored online from May 10 to June 10, 2019. The mass concentration and component composition of PM_2.5 (carbonaceous species and water-soluble ions) were analyzed. The results showed that the average mass concentration of PM_2.5 was 37.7 μg/m³ during the sampling period, which was 1.1 times higher than the standardary limit (35 μg/m³) regulated by of Chinese Ambient air quality standards (GB 3095–2012). For instance, the content of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 was the highest with 47.3%. The water-soluble components of PM_2.5 and gaseous precursors had obvious diurnal variation, with a peak (single peak) at 7:00 am. OC/EC ratio of Taian in summer ranged from 1.1 to 17.5, indicated that Taian was mainly affected by a mixture of biomass combustion, coal combustion and exhaust emissions. Positive matrix factor analysis (PMF) showed that the proportion of secondary nitrate, biomass combustion source, secondary sulfate and coal combustion soure in PM_2.5 were 22.0%, 46.7%, 29.9% and 1.4%, respectively.

Using the stems of Dendrocalamus membranaceus Munro as raw materials, pyrolysis char BC-700 and hydrochar HBC-190/700 were prepared by the high-temperature pyrolysis method and the hydrothermal roasting method, respectively. Then, their benzene adsorption performance was evaluated at 55°C. The results showed that the adsorption effect of biochar HBC-190/700 on benzene was three times that of BC-700. Furthermore, the influence of preparation methods on the physical and chemical properties of the adsorbents was investigated using characterization techniques such as BET, XRD, SEM, Raman and FT-IR. SEM results indicated that many carbon microspheres were accumulated on the surface of hydrothermal carbon HBC-190/700, resulting in the formation of crevice pores. BET analysis showed that the hydrothermal carbon HBC-190/700 presented a hierarchical pore distribution of micropores and mesopores, which was conducive to the mass transfer of benzene. In addition, FT-IR analysis revealed that the aromatic functional groups of HBC-190/700 were the key factors for benzene adsorption. 

Based on sedimentary and tectonic geomorphological analysis, this study found that the paleogeographic environment of the Qaidam and Suganhu basins underwent significant changes during the middle Pleistocene. In the early Pleistocene (2.54–0.78 Ma), the Qaidam and Suganhu basins shared a widespread lacustrine environment. Paleo-currents indicate a drainage connection between the two basins. However, since the mid-Pleistocene (0.78 Ma to present), continuous tectonic activities, evidenced by soft sediment deformation structures, in the North Qaidam structural belt resulted in the uplift of Xiaosaishiteng range, which separated the Qaidam and Suganhu basins. The lacustrine environment became alluvial fans and braided river environments near the ranges, while isolated small saline lakes dominated the distal areas. We attribute the rapid evolution of paleogeographic environment and drainage system in the Qaidam and Suganhu basins to the mid-Pleistocene uplift of the North Qaidam structural belt. The uplifted North Qaidam structural belt blocked the runoff from the South Qilian Shan into the Qaidam Basin, causing the lakes within the Qaidam Basin to shrink and dry out since the middle Pleistocene.

In the context of climate change and energy transition, a systematic discussion is conducted on the three major challenges featuring China’s energy transition, namely the coal-dominated energy structure, the increasing growth in energy demand, and the urgent timeline for carbon neutrality. One of the main focuses is placed on exploring the technical feasibility of achieving an 80% share of renewable energy in primary energy consumption by 2060. Based on the comparative analysis of different energy transition pathways, the multifaceted characteristics of China’s carbon neutrality pathways are pointed out. A method for optimizing these pathways is proposed, considering economic costs, environmental impacts, and system reliability comprehensively, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for achieving carbon neutrality and energy transition goals.

To investigate the causes of ozone pollution in Kunming city during the spring season, a field atmospheric experiment was conducted at Yijingyuan Hotel, Kunming city, from April 15 to May 20, 2021. The study analyzed the variation patterns of atmospheric photochemical pollutants in Kunming city during the spring season, and a box model was utilized to simulate the local chemical generation of ozone and the sensitivity of its formation.The results showed that during the observation period, the ozone pollution precursors volatile organic compound (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)and carbon monoxide (CO) in Kunming increased significantly, the photochemical reaction activity was strong, and the photochemical generation played a significant role in the initiation and aggravation stages of ozone pollution. The peak values of ozone formation rate F(O₃) were close to 20×10⁻⁹ h⁻¹ and 16×10⁻⁹ h⁻¹, respectively. The results indicate that Kunming is in a VOCs-limited area. In addition to reducing anthropogenic VOCs such as alkenes and aromatics, controlling the CO concentration is also an effective way to control ozone pollution.

Due to the fact that residential differentiation can easily lead to urban problems such as social isolation, this article explores and summarizes its role in residential differentiation from the perspective of urban planning. Base on literature review and case studies, it is found that western urban planning directly and significantly affects the pattern of residential segregation. Firstly, inclusion and density of land zoning can affect residential segregation. Secondly, the diversity of housing types and tenure affects residential segregation. Thirdly, factors of urban form such as the scale of city, open communities, and the size of street blocks also have influences. Finally, three suggestions for urban planning in China to deal with residential segregation are proposed.

From the perspective of water conservancy construction, taking the Yellow River Basin as the research object, the efficiency of soil erosion control is calculated with the DEA-BBC model and its key influencing factors are analyzed with the Catboost model. The research results indicate that 1) water conservancy construction is closely related to soil erosion control and economic development, and water conservancy construction generates significant environmental and economic benefits. 2) The efficiency of soil erosion control is ideal in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, but needs improvement in Henan and Shandong provinces in the lower reaches. In the non-DEA effective state, scale returns increase in Henan and decrease in Shandong. 3) Population, agricultural development, environmental investment and construction, and precipitation are key influencing factors for soil erosion control efficiency in the Yellow River Basin.

Existing solutions for map matching mainly rely on sequence-to-sequence models to capture the correlations within a trajectory while neglecting the correlation between road segments and trajectories as well as trajectory-road correlations. Meanwhile, recurrent neural networks suffer from inherent limitations in conducting computations efficiently in parallel. To fully exploit all the aforementioned correlations and to improve the model parallelism, a Graph-enhanced Map Matching model with Simple Recurrence (GMMSR) is proposed. The model captures the correlations between road segments and trajectories through road network convolution and trajectory graph convolution respectively, and exploits the trajectory-road correlation by aligning road network and trajectory representations in latent space. Moreover, the model utilizes simple recurrent units to achieve more efficient parallel computations. Extensive experiments on a map matching dataset in a subarea of Beijing demonstrate significant improvements in accuracy compared with existing baselines while achieving comparable or better efficiency.

The study selected MODIS land use data and analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of forest and grassland after the implementation of the Grain to Green Program, as well as the impact of policy changes on the changes of forest and grassland. The following results are obtained. 1) After the program’s implementation, the overall trend of forest land and “cropland land broadly defined” including orchards in China showed a small upward trend, and the trend of grassland showed a downward trend. 2) Considering that part of the orchards and forest land have not destroyed the arable layer, which can be effectively restored to cropland, there is no tendency to lose the cropland, and the red line of 1.8 billion mu (1.2 million km²) of cropland is not currently under threat. 3) Returning cropland to forest mainly occurs in Yunnan Province, Sichuan Province, and Heilongjiang Province, accounting for 9.72%, 9.28%, and 7.68% respectively of the total area of cropland converted to forestland (109500 km²) nationwide. In contrast, the conversion of forestland to cropland mainly occurs in Sichuan, Hunan, and Guizhou Provinces, accounting for 18.47%, 9.59%, and 9.35% respectively of the area of forestland converted to cropland (104400 km²) nationwide. The simultaneous existence of a large number of both croplands converted to forest and forest converted to cropland in Sichuan and other provinces may be due to benign adjustments in geographic location and land quality, or it may be due to the regional heterogeneity of the policies of “food security” and “environmental protection”, which need to be further studied. 4) Half of the “forest land” after returning cropland to forests has been cultivated again after 18 years, some of it has been preserved as forest land (37%), and a tiny part of it has been degraded to grassland (3%) (taking the forest land cultivated in 2001 and returned to forests in 2002 as an example). 5) Subsidies for the Grain to Green Program can reduce the proportion of “forest land” converted from cropland for replanting crops, but increase the conversion of land from cropland to forest land where the natural conditions are unsuitable for afforestation.