Table of Content

20 May 2025, Volume 61 Issue 3

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Dynamics Study on Spring Separation Device of the Asymmetric Satellite-Rocket with Large Inclination

LIU Jiajia, LI Jiaquan, WANG Xuefeng, GAO Lijun, GONG Linhui, LIU Caishan

2025, 61(3):  411-419.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.037

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In order to better control the motion state of the satellite and achieve precise orbit insertion, it is necessary to assess the sensitivity of the satellite to the physical parameters of the system during the satellite rocket separation process. This paper proposes a simplified two-dimensional dynamic model for the complex layout scheme of separation of large angle asymmetric star rocket joint surfaces, which simplifies the complex three-dimensional dynamic problem into a planar dynamic problem, reduces the system’s degrees of freedom, and greatly simplifies the computational difficulty of the model. The simulation results indicate that by appropriately configuring the preload of built-in springs and interface friction properties, the initial attitude of satellite orbit insertion can be effectively controlled. The research results can provide guidance for the parameter design of satellite-rocket separation devices.

Sentiment Analysis of Chinese Ancient Poetry by Fusing Explicit Knowledge and Implicit Knowledge

ZHAO Yulan, WAN Guangwen, LIU Zhongbao

2025, 61(3):  420-430.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.002

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By fully utilizing the features of poetry text and related knowledge, this paper proposes a model SACAP for sentiment analysis of Chinese ancient poems integrating explicit knowledge and implicit knowledge. On the one hand, the model extracts deep semantic features from poetry text, and on the other hand, on the basis of constructing a knowledge base of Chinese ancient poetry, it designs a multidimensional attention mechanism to extract features from Chinese ancient poetry knowledge. The sentiment of Chinese ancient poetry can be determined by taking both features into consideration. The experimental results show that the proposed model performs better than existing models and the explicit knowledge plays much more important role, compared with implicit knowledge.

Physicochemical Characteristics and Bactericidal Effect of Pure Water Treated by Dielectric Barrier Discharge

LIU Yuexi, LI Yiqian, SUN Chen, NIE Lanlan, LU Xinpei

2025, 61(3):  431-439.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.037

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For large-scale production of plasma-activated water (PAW) with high concentrations of reactive species, a novel high-power dielectric barrier (DBD) PAW generator with superior antibacterial properties has been developed. The discharge power of this generator is 970 W. The concentrations of long-lived species H₂O₂, NO₂⁻, and NO₃⁻ in the PAW treated by plasma for 6 min were 59.27, 718.49, and 3341.42 μmol/L, respectively. The pH decreased from 7.70 to 3.05, and the energy cost for the total active species generation decreased from 40.62 to 33.88 MJ/mol. As the plasma exposure time increased, the bactericidal ability of PAW was substantially enhanced with the increase in acidification of PAW and the increase in active species concentration. With the increase of standing time of the suspension after mixing PAW and bacterial solution, the internal reactions of PAW are fully processed, resulting in the inactivation of more bacteria and the enhancement of the bactericidal effect. As the contact area between the suspension and the air became larger, the NO₂⁻ in PAW were oxidized to NO₃⁻, which affected the generation of ONOO⁻ and other key active species, resulting in a great attenuation of the activity of PAW and a decrease in the bactericidal ability. Finally, the PAW treated with plasma for 6 min and mixed with the bacterial solution in a closed centrifuge tube for 20 min can achieve a more desirable bactericidal effect, and the bactericidal rate reached 99.99%.

End-to-End Spanning Tibetan Semantic Role Labeling Based on Graph Parsing

BAN Mabao, LUO Peng, Thupten Tsering, Nyima Tashi, CAI Rangjia, YU Yongbin

2025, 61(3):  440-450.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.038

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Semantic role labeling, as an essential pathway to semantic understanding, has a wide range of applications in machine translation, information extraction, and question and answer systems. This paper proposes a graph parsing-based end-to-end spanning semantic role labeling method for Tibetan, based on existing Tibetan semantic labeling systems and methods, by referring to the more mature semantic role labeling methods in English and Chinese. The method converts span-based semantic role labeling in Tibetan into a word-based graph parsing task, and the process is divided into two phases: semantic role labeling to graph conversion and graph to semantic role labeling recovery. In the first stage, a Tibetan pre-training language model (TiUniLM) is used for dynamic word embedding, and predicates are automatically specified by introducing the predicate indicator P. Then, temporal features are further modeled by designing a "gating" mechanism long short-term memory network (GM-LSTM). The second stage uses Viterbi constraint decoding to correct the illegitimate graphs. Experiments on TSRLD-Span show that the proposed method can achieve the best F1 value of 89.69% on the test set, which is a significant improvement in performance compared with the baseline model, indicating that the method is effective.

A Large Range and Low Noise Vector Magnetometer for Magnetic Target Recognition

YU Xiangqian, HE Donghua, SHI Weihong, XIAO Chijie, LIU Si, ZONG Qiugang, CHEN Hongfei, WANG Linghua, ZOU Hong, WANG Yongfu

2025, 61(3):  451-455.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.039

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According to the need for large range, low noise vector magnetic field detection systems in magnetic source target recognition, a vector magnetometer based on magnetoresistive sensor HMC1021Z is proposed. Through experimental testing, the magnetic field detection range of the vector magnetometer can be as high as ± 6×10⁵ nT. At the same time, it has a high linearity, and the nonlinear error is ≤5.6‱. Root mean square (RMS) noise is 1.2611 nT and power spectral density (PSD) noise is 0.8 nT/√Hz@1 Hz. −3 dB bandwidth is DC to 8 Hz. All these characteristics make the proposed vector magnetometer meet the requirements of magnetic field detection with large range and low noise in magnetic target recognition applications.

Expression and Localization of S100A4 and S100A10 in Mouse Hair Follicle Development

BAI Yongjiang, LI Wenhua, YANG Weifeng, CUI Yunli, YE Fuhao, HOU Zengyao, PANG Quanhai

2025, 61(3):  456-464.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.106

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In order to study the expression and localization of S100A4 and S100A10 at different time points of skin hair follicle development in C57BL/6N mice, E13.5, E15.5, E18.5 pregnant mouse embryos and P2, P4, P8 newborn mice were selected. Three mice were taken at each time-point. The expression and localization of S100A4 and S100A10 mRNA and proteins in the back skin of mice were detected by molecular biology and histological techniques. The results showed that the mRNA and protein expressions of S100A4 and S100A10 firstly increased and then decreased during the development of hair follicles, and the mRNA and protein expressions were the highest at 2 days after birth. Immunohistochemical localization showed that S100A4 protein and S100A10 protein were continuously expressed in mouse hair follicle development, but their localization regions were different. It is suggested that S100A4 and S100A10 may play an important role in the development of mouse hair follicles. In conclusion, the expression of S100A4 and S100A10 is different in the back skin of mice at different time points of hair follicle development, and S100A4 and S100A10 participate in the development process of mouse hair follicles. 

Characterization of Wind-Pressure Coupling and Turbulent Kinetic Energy Change Based on Nondimentionalization of Turbulence Equations

LIU Zihan, CAO Zhuyin, ZHANG Hongsheng, SONG Yu, KANG Ling

2025, 61(3):  465-477.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.014

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Observational data from the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Atmospheric Environment Comprehensive Experimental Station in Naiman, Inner Mongolia, from June to August 2019 were utilized. The turbulent statistical characteristics of pressure and wind speed were analyzed, and the variation relationship between wind-pressure coupling and turbulent kinetic energy was quantified. The results indicate that the pressure variance spectrum follows the overall −5/3 scaling law in the inertial subrange, exhibiting clear non-stationarity and dependence on stratification conditions. The relationship between normalized standard deviation of pressure and stability parameter exhibits a linear pattern based on the turbulent kinetic energy budget equation, while demonstrating an exponential pattern derived from the wind speed budget equation. The temporal derivative of the normalized standard deviation of pressure fluctuation and the wind-pressure covariance spectrum jointly reveal the relationship between wind-pressure coupling and turbulent kinetic energy changes. At sunrise, the wind-pressure coupling is strong, making a positive contribution to turbulent kinetic energy, which gradually weakens with the development of unstable atmospheric layers. After sunset, the wind-pressure coupling is reconstructed and gradually consumes turbulent kinetic energy. The analysis above underscores the significant role of pressure in turbulence kinetic energy, closely tied to atmospheric stratification conditions and essential for understanding atmospheric turbulence. 

Characteristics and Possible Causes of Precipitation Anomalies over Shanxi Province in April 2023

WANG Dayong, WANG Xiaoqiong, KE Zongjian, ZHANG Dongfeng, CHEN Ying, YAN Jiahai

2025, 61(3):  478-486.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.015

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Based on the precipitation data of April over Shanxi Province from 1981 to 2023, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature data, the characteristics and causes of precipitation anomaly over Shanxi Province in April 2023 were summarized and discussed by using empirical orthogonal function decomposition, regression analysis, composite analysis and correlation analysis. The results show that the precipitation over Shanxi Province in April 2023 is 204.4% more than that in the same period of normal years, which is the highest amout in the same period since 1961. The precipitation anomaly is closely related to the atmospheric circulation anomaly caused by the external forcing factor of sea surface temperature. The “− + −” abnormal distribution of the North Atlantic sea surface temperature from north to south in the late winter (January–February) is conducive to the strengthening and maintenance of the “− + − +” abnormal wave train of the 500 hPa geopotential height field from the North Atlantic to East Asia in April, and the convergence of water vapor at 850 hPa to Shanxi. This favorable high-low circulation configuration is the main reason for the abnormal precipitation over Shanxi Province in April 2023. 

Micro-earthquake Recording Denoising Method Based on Convolutional Neural and Bidirectional Long Short-term Memory Network

WANG Tairan, BAO Yifei

2025, 61(3):  487-500.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.018

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This paper proposes a deep learning-based time-domain denoising method for micro-earthquake recordings by combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM). Based on micro-earthquake observation data from Zigong and Neijiang areas of Sichuan, the structural model and focal mechanism of the region are used to generate a synthetic noise-free dataset by numerical modeling, which is then combined with observed micro-earthquake noise to create a synthetic noisy dataset. A high-performance and stable denoising model is obtained through training of the deep learning network, demonstrating excellent generalization performance on the validation set. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method demonstrates excellent denoising performance and better preserves the detailed characteristics of both the waveform and the spectrum of the noise-free signal. Application to micro-earthquake observation data of Zigong and Neijiang areas demonstrates the model’s strong denoising performance and generalization ability on real-world data.

Risk Assessment of Hydrogen Sulfide Oil Wells in Bonan Sag

LI Xiaohui, LIU Yisu, SHI Yongmin, SHI Xiang, XU Lei, CAO Weidong, XU Haotian, CAO Yunjiang

2025, 61(3):  501-507.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.008

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To solve the prevention and control of hydrogen sulfide in the well block area, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using core samples, drilling data, logging data, well testing data, and seismic data. The quantile classification method was employed to assess the risk levels of hydrogen sulfide wells in the Bonan Sag. Using a 1:2:4:2:1 hundred-digit classification method, the study area was divided into five levels of hydrogen sulfide environmental zones, and the high-risk sulfur-containing area in the Bonan Sag was identified. Vertically, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gradually increases with terrain from low to high. Horizontally, the source of hydrogen sulfide in the carbonate rocks of the upper Sha 4th member exhibits characteristics of “rich gypsum, rich limestone, hydrocarbon generation, and high pressure”, representing a typical “self-generated” type of hydrogen sulfide. The sag and slope areas lack material supply, but carbonate rocks are widely distributed. The coexistence of gypsum and limestone in the southern slope zone provides reservoir space for hydrogen sulfide, while fault development creates conditions for its migration, and high-pressure sealing ensures its preservation. Medium-low risk areas are distributed between high-risk and medium-high risk zones. 

The 850 Ma Continental Flood Basalts in North Altun Block and Their Implications for Mantle Plume Activity

FENG Di, LI Yanguang, SONG Shuguang

2025, 61(3):  508-524.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.024

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This paper reports the layered mafic volcanic rocks formed in the Hongliuquan area of the North Altyn region at 843 Ma. This suite of volcanic rocks has relatively high TiO2 (1.18%–2.06%), low Zr/Hf (23.28–29.28) and low Nb/Ta (4.20–12.99), showing the trace element characteristics of E-MORB/OIB, like the typical low-Ti basalts in large igneous provinces. The analysis results of major and trace elements in the entire rock show that the magma of the basic rock has undergone a low degree of partial melting (<10%) of the asthenosphere source of garnet (<2%), and has been subject to varying degrees of crustal mixing during the uplift process. The occurrence, geochemical characteristics, age data and high mantle potential temperature (T_p=1479°C) of the northern Aljin layered basic volcanic rock indicate that this basic volcanic rock is a continental overflow basalt (CFB) originated from the Neoproterozoic mantle plume. Combined with the extended background magmatic activity developed in the region during the same period (850–750 Ma), we believe that the northern Alkinic volcanic rocks record the earliest magmatic activity during the supercontinent rifting process. In the Neoproterozoic era, it was discovered that the magmatic activities of Alkin and those of the Qilian, Chaibei Margin, Eastern Kunlun, South China and Qinling Mountains all had the diagenological characteristics of an intracontinental rift valley environment, which indicates that they are related to the mantle plume activities at 850–800 Ma. It further indicates that the formation of the Northern Altyn volcanic rock mass is closely related to the beginning of the rifting of the Rodinia supercontinent at approximately 850 Ma. 

Lithological Mapping from Multispectral Images Using Spectral-Spatial Clustering

ZHOU Zhiqi, LI Peijun

2025, 61(3):  525-534.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.013

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To address the class confusion caused by using only spectral features in image clustering for lithological recognition and classification based on multispectral- hyperspectral data, spectral-spatial features are used in multispectral image clustering. Two ways are adopted to include spatial information in clustering. First, multi-scale images are generated using discrete wavelet transform, and are successively clustered from coarse to fine scale images. Second, the spatial class membership probability is calculated using Markov random field model in different image scales, and the combined spectral-spatial class membership probability is then obtained. Finally, the final clustering results are obtained by combining the spectral-spatial clustering results of multiple scales. ASTER multispectral data were used for lithological mapping, and compared with the spectral clustering method based on Gaussian mixture model clustering (spectral clustering), the filtering after spectral clustering, and the spectral-spatial clustering on original image. The results show that the method of spectral-spatial clustering on multiscale image adopted obtained higher accuracies of lithological mapping than the above three comparative methods. Using spectral and spatial information at multi-scales in clustering is an effective method for lithological mapping. The method is applicable to lithological mapping in areas where training samples are difficult to obtain. 

Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Soil Erosion Control in Yellow River Basin from the Perspective of Water Conservancy Construction

FAN Yanxiang, HUANG Qingzi, LIANG Shu, YANG Chao, SHAO Wenzhong

2025, 61(3):  535-544.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.099

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From the perspective of water conservancy construction, taking the Yellow River Basin as the research object, the efficiency of soil erosion control is calculated with the DEA-BBC model and its key influencing factors are analyzed with the Catboost model. The research results indicate that 1) water conservancy construction is closely related to soil erosion control and economic development, and water conservancy construction generates significant environmental and economic benefits. 2) The efficiency of soil erosion control is ideal in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, but needs improvement in Henan and Shandong provinces in the lower reaches. In the non-DEA effective state, scale returns increase in Henan and decrease in Shandong. 3) Population, agricultural development, environmental investment and construction, and precipitation are key influencing factors for soil erosion control efficiency in the Yellow River Basin.

Supply-Demand Balance of Ecosystem Flood Regulation Service and Flood Risk Management Zoning: A Case Study in Lan County, Shanxi Province

YANG Liwen, ZHANG Yalin, MA Yali, LUAN Qing, HONG Dandan, WANG Dayong, XU Shuyuan

2025, 61(3):  545-556.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.036

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To better regulate and manage flood risk, the supply of ecosystem flood regulation service was evaluated through the SCS-CN model, and the demand of ecosystem flood regulation service was calculated as flood inundation amount through the FloodArea model in Lan County, Shanxi Province. Meanwhile, flood risk zoning was conducted by combining with population distribution. The results are as follows. 1) The supply mount of ecosystem flood regulation service of 5-year, 10-year and 25-year return period flood presented an increasing trend. However, the supply amount for the 10-year return period flood was lower than that for the 5-year by 33.05%, mainly due to the difference in soil moisture. 2) The demand amount of ecosystem flood regulation service of 5-year, 10-year and 25-year return period flood increased gradually. When one 5-year return period flood and one 10-year return period flood occurred consecutively, the flood risk arose principally from the increase in submerged depth. 3) The unbalanced supply-demand area of ecosystem flood regulation service of 10-year return period flood was far larger than those of 5-year and 25-year return period flood, which indicates that the ecosystem flood regulation service supply was not enough to cope with the situation of small and moderate flood occurred in succession. The unbalanced supply-demand area of 5-year and 25-year return period flood was affected principally by elevation and land use, while that of 10-year return period flood was influenced mainly by precipitation. 4) The high priority area of 5-year, 10-year and 25-year return period flood was distributed merely in Dongcun Town, whereas priority area and second-dary priority area were distributed in accordance with the unbalanced supply-demand area of ecosystem flood regulation service. The results can provide theoretical basis for ecosystem service management and flood risk management. 

Could Digital Inclusive Finance Promote the Development of New Urbanization?

HUANG Zhiji, LIU Boya

2025, 61(3):  557-568.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.109

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This paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019 and the digital inclusive finance development index of Peking University to measure the comprehensive index of new urbanization with the entropy weight method and constructs a two-way fixed-effect model to empirically study the influence of digital inclusive finance on new urbanization. The research shows that digital financial inclusion can promote new urbanization and achieve comprehensive enhancement of population, economy, society, land urbanization and urban-rural coordination. There is a structural effect of digital financial inclusion, and the main role is played by the breadth of coverage and digitalization of digital financial inclusion. In terms of impact mechanism, digital financial inclusion can promote population entrepreneurship and local government debt financing, which in turn promotes new urbanization. From the heterogeneity analysis, the impact effect is greater in central and western regions than in eastern regions, and the impact effect in areas with low fiscal self-sufficiency rate is greater than that in areas with high fiscal self-sufficiency rate. The degree of digitalization plays an important role in different regions, showing a “digital dividend” and “timely help” effect in general. The research provides new theoretical and empirical support for the implementation of a new urbanization strategy.

Distributions and Driving Factors of the Retained and Excluded Pilots for Comprehensive Land Consolidation

WANG Nan, ZHONG Chongjun, TIAN Yufu, ZHANG Jianyang

2025, 61(3):  569-577.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.076

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GIS spatial analysis and Logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the distribution patterns of the retained and excluded pilots for comprehensive land consolidation, and to discuss the main factors affecting the implementation status of pilots. The results showed that: 1) Both the retained and excluded pilots for comprehensive land consolidation were clustered in distribution, and their distribution patterns presented significant regional differences. The retained pilots were mostly located in the southeast coastal areas, while the excluded pilots were mostly distributed in northeastern and northwestern China. 2) The demand and conditions for comprehensive land consolidation were obviously lower in regions with a high scale of farmland, and the low income of farmers, insufficient natural endowment of villages and extensive use of construction land would also restrict the implementation of comprehensive land consolidation to a certain extent. In conclusion, comprehensive land consolidation is an integrated work with multiple objectives, factors and subjects. In the future, all regions should pay more attention to rural ecological protection and restoration, formulate consolidation plans on the basis of full analysis of regional conditions, and promote the implementation of consolidation through the main path of farmers making demands, local government guidance and social capital participation.

Spatiotemporal Distribution, Source Apportionment and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Upper Reaches of Wujiang River under the Influence of Dissolved Organic Matter

WANG Hongbo, MENG Yueting, LIANG Enhang, LI Bin, MA Ruoqi, WANG Ting

2025, 61(3):  578-592.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.107

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Based on the monitoring data of 18 river sections, this study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution, sources and ecological risks of 8 heavy metal ions in the upper reaches of Wujiang River, and analyzed the influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the migration and distribution of heavy metals. The results showed that the overall content of heavy metals in the upper reaches of Wujiang River was low with significant seasonal variations, and the average concentrations of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Cd and Sb were 0.71, 19.20, 0.17, 1.09, 0.73, 0.65, 0.06 and 1.22 μg/L, respectively, which were all lower than the level of Class III of the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water. Principal component analysis revealed a homology among Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cd and Sb, primarily sourced from natural origins. Cu was additionally affected by industrial activities including electroplating, printing and dyeing, while as was partially originated from the application of pesticides and fertilizers. Heavy metals showed positive correlations with DOM and its fluorescent components C1–C4, indicating that DOM could promote the migration and enrichment of heavy metals in water. Cr, Fe, Co, Ni and Sb showed significant positive correlation with DOM characteristic parameters SUVA₂₅₄ and BIX, further confirming that DOM with higher aromaticity and biological reactivity showed higher metal affinities. The evaluation results of single factor and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index suggested that the pollution level of heavy metals in the upper reaches of the Wujiang River retained relatively low, rendering it an ideal source of drinking water. However, the potential ecological risks of heavy metals under the influence of DOM need more concern. 

Relationship Between Doctors’ Exposure to Doctor-Patient Conflict Information and Defensive Medical Behavior and Its Psychological Mechanisms

SHEN Hui, ZOU Xiqian, LU Wei, ZHANG Yanxia, ZHAO Guihua, CHEN Shuang

2025, 61(3):  593-600.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.023

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To explore the relationship between doctors’ exposure to doctor-patient conflict information and defensive medical behavior and its psychological mechanisms, this study, based on the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM), conducted a survey of 216 doctors from various levels of hospitals in China to investigate the impact of interpersonal and media channels of doctor-patient conflict information exposure on their perceived severity, susceptibility, self-efficacy, response efficacy, fear, and defensive medical behavior. Data analysis and model testing were performed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.1. Results showed that interpersonal exposure to doctor-patient conflict information was positively correlated with perceived susceptibility and negatively correlated with perceived self-efficacy. Media exposure to doctor-patient conflict information was positively correlated with perceived severity and susceptibility, and negatively correlated with perceived self-efficacy. Perceived severity and susceptibility positively predicted fear. Perceived self-efficacy and response efficacy were negatively correlated with fear, and fear positively predicted defensive medical behavior. Mediation analysis showed that perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy had significant sequential mediation effects between interpersonal conflict information exposure and defensive medical behavior. Perceived severity, susceptibility, and self-efficacy had significant sequential mediation effects between media conflict information exposure and defensive medical behavior. This study revealed the differential psychological mechanisms behind the impact of interpersonal and media exposure to doctor-patient conflict information on doctors’ defensive medical behavior. 

Influence of Campus Exclusion on Adolescents’ Externalizing Problem Behaviors: A Moderated Mediation Model

YU Hongyu, XU Xinyang, ZHANG Jing

2025, 61(3):  601-607.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.108

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This paper intends to understand the relationship between campus exclusion, resilience, parental-child relationship and adolescents’ externalization behavior. To explore the mediating role of resilience in the impact pathway of campus exclusion on adolescents’ externalization behavior, as well as the moderating role of the parent-child relationship in this pathway, 543 junior high school students in Guizhou were measured by using the adapted inventories of the Adolescent School Exclusion Scale, the Resilience Scale for Adolescents, the Parent-Child Intimacy Scale, and the Conduct Problem Tendency Scale. The results indicated that campus exclusion can positively predict the externalization problem behaviors of adolescents. Resilience played a partial mediating role in the impact pathway of campus exclusion on adolescent externalization behavior. This means campus exclusion can not only directly predict adolescent externalization behavior positively, but also indirectly predict adolescent externalization behavior through resilience. Parent-child relationships positively regulated the mediating effect of resilience, specifically the first half of the pathway, where parent-child relationships significantly positively regulated the impact of campus exclusion on adolescent resilience. As adolescent parent-child relationships improved, the predictive effect of campus exclusion on adolescent resilience increased. From this, it can be seen that campus environment, family relationships, and individual resilience can all affect adolescent externalizing problem behaviors. 

A Review of Parameterization Methods for Collinear Equation in Photogrammetry

ZUO Zhengkang, DONG Jiaojiao, ZHANG Bin, ZHANG Ling

2025, 61(3):  608-616.  DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.094

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The collinear equation serves as the cornerstone for establishing geometric relationships in photogrammetry, Nerf, and 3DGS theory. Its nonlinear optimization across diverse spatial domains profoundly influences the calculation accuracy of camera distortion, interior and exterior orientation parameters, and modeling quality of the ultimate reconstruction of real-world 3D scenes. At its core, the collinear equation hinges on three fundamental elements: image points, three-dimensional spatial features, and the parameterization of three-dimensional rotations. The research progress is delineated for parameterization methods of the collinear equation, focusing on these pivotal components. Additionally, it outlines potential avenues for future research, aiming to pave the way for advancements in this field. By transcending the confines of Euclidean space, novel perspectives are proposed on the collinear equation, envisioning the application in angular domain space. This fresh approach promises to provide valuable insights for improving the accuracy of camera state estimation and the overall modeling quality of real-world 3D scenes, stemming from a deep understanding of theoretical principles.