To investigate the pollution characteristics of VOCs in the core area of the Ili River Valley, samples were collected at three typical industrial parks during 2021–2022. The emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone formation potential (OFP) and secondary organic aerosols formation potential (SOAFP) were analyzed, and the health risks for residents were assessed. The results showed that the average TVOCs concentrations in the ambient air of the parks were 189.9±172.1, 129.3±56.0 and 426.4±155.9 μg/m³ for spring, summer and winter. OVOCs was the major component of VOCs for spring and summer with the contribution of 35%−43% and 30%–47% respectively for three industrial parks, while alkane was the primary contributor (64%–70%) for winter. The average OFP of VOCs was 494.5 μg/m3, with OVOCs (19%–47%), aromatics (24%–28%) and isoprene (12%–29%) being the major components. Among them, isoprene, toluene, xylene and methyl methacrylate were the primary reactive species. The average yield of SOAFP was 1.9 μg/m³ and aromatics had a dominant contribution (88%−93%). Toluene, xylene, benzene and ethylbenzene are key species. A potential non-carcinogenic risk from ambient VOCs should be considered for residents living around parks, mainly caused by acrolein. The average lifetime carcinogenic risks (LCR) of benzene, chloroform, tetrachloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane were above the acceptable level (10⁻⁶), indicating a carcinogenic risk for these species. M/p-Xylene, o-Xylene, and dodecane were key precursors for the collaborative prevention and control of PM_2.5 and O₃.