Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 973-981.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.112

• Orginal Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Community Structure Characteristics of Macroinvertebrate from Yichang to Wuhan in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

Xiufen CHEN1, Wei XIA2, Baozhu PAN3, Xuming XU1, Jinren NI4()   

  1. 1. School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055
    2. Jingjiang Headquarters of Changjiang Waterway Bureau, Jingzhou 434000
    3. Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048;
    4. The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (MOE), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871;
  • Received:2016-05-12 Revised:2016-05-27 Online:2017-09-20 Published:2017-09-20

长江中游宜昌至武汉段底栖动物群落结构特征研究

陈秀粉1, 夏炜2, 潘保柱3, 许旭明1, 倪晋仁4()   

  1. 1. 北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院, 深圳 518055
    2. 长江航道局荆江整治工程指挥部, 荆州 434000
    3. 西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安 710048
    4. 水沙科学教育部重点实验室, 北京大学环境工程系, 北京 100871
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0402102)资助

Abstract:

To explore the status of macroinvertebrate communities and the main influencing factors, an investigation was carried out at 29 sampling points (4 sections) and 40 sampling points (5 sections) in the middle reach of the Yangtze River, respectively in April and October in 2014. 34 species were identified in April (spring) and 32 species in October (autumn). Arthropods is the dominant class of macroinvertebrate in both seasons, up to 56% and 35% respectively. Spring’s species abundance, the average density as well as the biomass are the highest in two quarters, and from top to bottom in the middle reach of Yangtze River biomass reduced gradually. The results of functional feeding groups show that collector-gatherers are the main components in the middle reach of Yangtze River in spring (40.25%) and autumn (59.3%). The results of tolerance value show that semi-tolerant to pollution and pollution tolerant organisms are the main components in the middle reach of Yangtze River and Wuhan section has more pollution tolerant organism in the two quarters. The correlation analysis on 5 kinds of functional feeding groups and three kinds of biological standing crop with the 7 environmental factors show that the influence of environmental factors on macroinvertebrate is different in the spring and autumn, TP and TN as well as particle size are the main environmental factors in spring, while in autumn, the benthic animals are mainly affected by pH, dissolved oxygen and transparency. This study has a comprehensive understanding of the benthic fauna from several aspects and can provide basic information for intensive research of the Yangtze River.

Key words: middle reach of the Yangtze River, macroinvertebrate, community structure, functional feeding groups, environmental factors

摘要:

为了解长江中游宜昌至武汉段底栖动物的群落结构特征以及主要影响因素, 分别于2014年春季(4 月)和秋季(10 月)在该江段布设 4 个断面(共29个采样点)和 5 个断面(共 40 个采样点), 进行底栖动物群落监测。春季采集到底栖动物34种, 秋季采集到32种, 均是节肢动物丰度最高, 分别为 56%和 35%。春季物种丰度、密度和生物量均大于秋季, 且春、秋季生物量自上而下逐渐减小。功能摄食类群研究结果表明, 该江段底栖动物以牧食者占绝对优势, 春、秋季牧食者个体数占总个体数的比例分别为 40.25%和 59.3%。生物耐污能力统计结果表明, 该江段以中等敏感类群和耐污类群为主, 武汉断面在两个季节中均以耐污类群为主。5 种功能摄食类群以及三大门类生物现存量与 7 个环境因子的相关性分析结果表明, 春、秋季生物受环境因子的影响差异较大, 总磷、总氮和粒径是影响春季底栖动物群落结构特征的主要环境因子, 而秋季底栖动物主要受pH、溶解氧和透明度的影响。该研究从多个方面较全面地分析长江中游江段底栖动物群落特征, 为开展长江大河深层次研究提供基础性资料。

关键词: 长江中游, 底栖动物, 群落结构, 功能摄食类群, 环境因素