北京大学学报自然科学版 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 543-552.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2019.029

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快速城市化流域全氟化合物的污染特征及生态风险

王之芬1, 梁新秀1, 占笔成2, 吴疆1, 高月1, 许楠1,†   

  1. 1. 深圳市重金属污染控制与资源化重点实验室, 北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院, 深圳 518055  2. 深圳市龙华区环境保护和水务局, 深圳 518000
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-05 修回日期:2018-05-16 出版日期:2019-05-20 发布日期:2019-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 许楠,E-mail:xunan(at)pkusz.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51579003)、流域生态工程学学科建设项目(深发改[2017]542 号)及深圳市龙华区政府项目(0851-1461SZ01CL87)资助

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk of Perfluorinated Compounds in a Rapidly Urbanizing Catchment

WANG Zhifen1, LIANG Xinxiu1, ZHAN Bicheng2, WU Jiang1, GAO Yue1, XU Nan1,†   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking
    University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055 2. Environmental Protection and Water Affairs Bureau of Longhua District, Shenzhen 518000
  • Received:2018-05-05 Revised:2018-05-16 Online:2019-05-20 Published:2019-05-20
  • Contact: XU Nan,E-mail:xunan(at)pkusz.edu.cn

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摘要：

为探究快速城市化地区城市河流中全氟化合物(PFCs)的污染特征, 于枯水期和丰水期分别采集深圳市观澜河干流的表层水样, 通过固相萃取法处理水样, 并利用超高效液相色谱–三重四级杆串联质谱(UPLCESI-MS/MS)技术分析 11 种PFCs的含量。结果表明, 丰水期和枯水期观澜河干流水体中PFCs的含量分别为179.15~613.68和37.04~103.70 ng/L。其中, 全氟己烷磺酸(PFHxS)、全氟丁烷磺酸(PFBS)、全氟己酸(PFHxA)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)是主要污染物。所采集的样品中, 丰水期PFCs的浓度高于枯水期, 下游采样点PFCs的浓度高于上中游河段。与已报道的其他水体相比, 由于流域的快速城市化, 观澜河水体的PFCs含量水平较高。生态风险评估表明, 水体中检出的PFCs均不会对水体造成生态风险。

关键词: 全氟化合物, 城市河流, 时空分布, 来源解析, 风险评估

Abstract:

To investigate the pollution characteristics of eleven perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in a rapidly urbanizing catchment, water samples from the Guanlan River in Shenzhen were collected during the dry season and the wet season. All the samples were pretreated by solid-phase extraction and analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry with electron spray ionization (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The results indicated that the concentrations of PFCs in the mainstream of Guanlan River during the wet season and dry season were 179.15–613.68 and 37.04–103.70 ng/L, respectively. Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were the predominant pollutants. The concentration of PFCs in the wet season was higher than that in the dry season, and the concentration of PFCs in the downstream was higher than that in the upper and middle stream. Compared with other water body in the world, the levels of PFCs in Guanlan River were relatively high due to the rapid urbanization in the region. The ecological risk of PFCs to aquatic organisms was neglectable.

Key words: perfluorinated compound, urban river, spatio-temporal distribution, source apportionment, risk assessment

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