Abstract:

To better understand the variation properties of marine aerosol during transport, single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was applied for the first time during a comprehensive ocean experiment over the South Yellow Sea in November 2012. Two parallel sections influenced by marine air masses with constant wind direction from ocean to land (Section 1), and continental air masses with constant wind direction from land to ocean (Section 2), respectively, were selected to study the variation of chemical characteristics of marine aerosol. The results showed that the average particle count in Section 2 was around 3.5 times higher than that in Section 1, which might be ascribed to the influence of continental air masses, accompanied with high wind speed in Section 2. Particle counts of major components (SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, NH₄⁺, OC and EC) containing particles in Section 1 and Section 2 (excluding NO₃^-) gradually decreased by 58%-74% and 34%-53%, and the reductions in Section 1 were greater than that in Section 2. Secondary aerosol contributed to the highest fraction (42%) of the total particles in Section 2, while sea-salt aerosol contributed to the highest (>30%) in Section 1. The contribution of secondary and other anthropogenic aerosols (including biomass burning, Soot-like and Pb-containing aerosols) in both sections were significant. It indicated that the contribution of anthropogenic air pollutants to marine aerosol could not be ignored over the South Yellow Sea.

Key words: marine aerosol, SPAMS, chemical characteristics, source, the South Yellow Sea

摘要：

2012年11月在南黄海首次使用单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪(SPAMS)采集和分析两个平行航测断面上的气溶胶, 以研究不同气团影响下海洋气溶胶的理化特征。断面1受从海到陆的海风及海洋气团影响, 断面2则受从陆到海的陆风及陆地气团影响。结果表明, 断面2的气溶胶颗粒数约为断面1的3.5倍, 主要由陆地气团传输导致, 其次是断面2的高风速影响。主要组分为SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, NH₄⁺, OC和EC气溶胶的颗粒数在断面1和2 (断面2除NO₃^-外)上分别逐渐减少58%~74%和34%~53%, 在断面1的减少量高于断面2。断面1和2上含量最高的分别是海盐气溶胶(>30%)和二次气溶胶(42%)。二次气溶胶和其他人为源气溶胶(包括生物质燃烧、Soot-like气溶胶和含铅气溶胶)对两个断面的贡献显著, 因此人为源对南黄海气溶胶的贡献不容忽视。

关键词: 海洋气溶胶, SPAMS, 化学特性, 来源, 南黄海