Abstract: In order to investigate the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) contamination in typical urban area, a total of 110 surface soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory to explore the spatial distribution and mass inventory in surface soil of Shenzhen, China. The results show that, the concentrations of 6 12 PBDEs and BDE209 in soils ranged from 1. 1 to 85. 8 ng/ g ( dw) and from 1.2 to 1931 ng/g (dw), respectively. The mean concentrations of 6 13 PBDEs in soils of different land-use types decreased in the following sequence: industrial area > residential area > commercial area > urban park > country park, and the wide spread usage of deca-BDE in Shenzhen manufacturing industry resulted in the high soil contamination in industrial area. Soil PBDEs contaminations in Nanshan District and Baoan District (in the west of Shenzhen) , were more serious than that in Longgang District and Yantian District ( in the southeast of Shenzhen). Additionally, the 6 13 PBDEs levels in soils had a significant exponent relationship with the build-up area percentage in different districts (r = 0. 98, p < 0. 01) , suggesting that the urbanization level was the key factor influencing the soil contamination. The mass inventories of 6 12 PBDEs and BDE209 in soils of Shenzhen were estimated at 1. 51 tons and 15. 9 tons, respectively, based on the variety of PBDEs concentration levels in different land use areas.

Key words: soil, PBDEs, spatial distribution, mass inventory

摘要： 为了解深圳30年快速城市化过程引发的土壤有机污染现状, 同时调查城市化过程有机污染历史累积情况,在深圳市收集了 110 个表层土壤样品, 分析了深圳市土壤多溴联苯醚(PBDEs) 的空间分布特征, 并对其表层土壤PBDEs 蓄积总量进行 了估算。结果表明,深圳市土壤 中6 12 PBDEs 及 BDE209 的含量水平范围分别为 1.1 ～ 85.8 ng/g (dw) 和1. 2 ～1931ng/g(dw)。PBDEs 总含量在不同土地利用功能分区上表现为工业用地 > 居住用地> 商业用地 > 城市公园> 郊野公园的分布规律。深圳市土壤中PBDEs 含量整体表现出从西部的南山区和宝安区向东南方向的龙岗区和盐田区递减的趋势, 且 PBDEs 含量水平与各行政区的城市化水平呈显著的指数函数关系( r = 0. 98, p < 0. 01) , 表明城市化水平是影响深圳市土壤 PBDEs 污染程度的主要因素。采用基于行政区单元和基于土地利用类型两种估算方法对深圳市表层土壤 PBDEs 蓄积量进行估算的差异较大, 研究认为基于土地利用类型所估算出的数值更为准确, 以此估算出深圳市表层土壤中6 12 PBDEs 和 BDE209 蓄积量分别为1.51t和15.9t。

关键词: 土壤, 多溴联苯醚, 空间分布, 蓄积量