To translate and validate the Chinese Version of the Three Dimensional Meaning in Life Scale (3DM), which consists of purpose, significance, and coherence, its reliability, validity, and measurement invariance are examined. Sample 1, which consisted of 544 undergraduate students, was used for exploratory factor analysis. Sample 2, which consisted of 559 adults, was used for confirmatory factor analysis and test of measurement invariance. The Meaning in Life Questionnaire was used as criterion validity; the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were used as convergent–discriminant validity. One month later, a follow-up survey was conducted to assess test-retest reliability. The results showed that the three-dimensional structure was supported. The Cronbach’s α of the total scale and the three subscales ranged between 0.82 and 0.95, and their test-retest reliability ranged between 0.71 and 0.83. The total scale and the three subscales were positively associated with presence of meaning, search for meaning, positive affect, and life satisfaction, while negatively associated with negative affect. In addition, results showed acceptable measurement invariance across gender and time. 3DM scale displayed satisfactory reliability and validity, and could be used to assess different components of meaning in life.