There is a widespread phenomenon in current society where children are exposed to the internet at an early age and use electronic screens frequently. However, the academic community has not yet established a complete and clear operational definition of screen dependency behavior in preschoolers or developed effective behavioral identification tools. To address this issue, this study developed the Preschool Screen Dependency Behavior Scale for children aged 3–6 years. The study first recruited 21 parents of preschoolers to complete semi-structured interviews. Subsequently, a questionnaire survey was conducted, and the collected 633 valid parent responses were randomly divided into two groups: one group (n=333) for exploratory factor analysis and the other group (n=300) for confirmatory factor analysis and validity testing. The results showed that the Chinese Preschool Screen Dependency Behavior Scale (CPSD) consists of 9 items, comprising three factors: negative emotional resistance, physical function deterioration, and withdrawal difficulties. The confirmatory factor analysis model demonstrated fit indices (χ²/df= 3.02, RMSEA=0.077, CFI=0.875, TLI=0.922), with Cronbach’s α=0.903, indicating an acceptable reliability and validity of the questionnaire for measuring the degree of screen dependency behavior in 3–6-year-old preschoolers.