In order to clarify the relationship between land and water resources and environmental capacity in Hebei Province, and provide a scientific basis for the coordinated development of land and water resources, taking Hebei Province as an example, this study used the “provincial hectare” ecological footprint model to correct the equilibrium and yield factors of land and water resources, and analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution of the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity from 2006 to 2021. The coupling coordination model was used to analyze the coupling coordination of ecological carrying capacity of land and water resources. The partial least squares method was employed for the analysis of the driving factors of the coupling coordination of ecological carrying capacity. The results show that land resources in Hebei Province are in ecological deficit, and the per capita ecological footprint value of land resources has an upward trend, with a growth rate of 42.86%. The per capita ecological carrying capacity has a downward trend, with a decline rate of 41.94%. Water resources are also in ecological deficit, and both the per capita ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity show upward trends, with growth rates of 36.89% and 131.03% respectively. The coupling coordination degree of ecological carrying capacity of land and water resources in Hebei Province is mainly between moderate dissonance and intermediate coordination. The mean value of coupling coordination of ecological carrying capacity in each city is above 0.42, and Baoding has the highest mean value (0.62). The driving factors are mainly reflected in the 3 dimensions of land resources, water resources and society, in which indicators such as per unit area standard grain yield, per capita water resources and per capita precipitation have a more significant impact on the degree of coupling coordination between the province and individual cities.