Table of Content

20 May 2010, Volume 46 Issue 3

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Stable Carbon Isotopic Composition and Source of Nonmethane Hydrocarbons in Urban Air, Lanzhou

REN Zhaofang,PENG Lin,ZHANG Jianqiang,ZHANG Huimin

2010, 46(3):  313-318. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Isotopic composition of nonmethane hydrocarbons, sampled by Tenax TA adsorption tube and detected by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass chromatography was analyzed in the main functional area, Lanzhou. The results show that the average δ¹³C values of transportation related sources is - 28. 7‰, significantly below the value of coal-combustion exhaust( - 24. 1‰) . In summer the average δ¹³C values of atmospheric NMHCs are close to each other( from - 29. 5‰ to - 27.4‰), while in winter the average δC values in Xigu industrial estate(-25.5‰) is larger than that in Panxuanlu(-28.8‰) and Erdianchang(- 31.2‰). The results of source analysis indicate that the atmospheric NMHCs in Panxuanlu are mainly emitted by transportation related sources both in summer and winter; the atmospheric NMHCs in Xigu industrial estate in winter are mainly influenced by coal-combustion exhaust, while in summer n-alkanes and benzene are mainly from transportation related sources; in winter atmosphere in Erdianchang pentane, hexane and benzene are from transportation related sources; in summer atmosphere in residential area the NMHCs are mainly influenced by transportation related sources and some unknown sources; benzene is mainly emitted by transportation related sources and was detected in every sampling site both in winter and summer. To reduce the pollution of NMHCs, it is important to control transportation related sources.

Determination of Emission Factors from Motor Vehicles under Different Emission Standards in China

CAI Hao,XIE Shaodong

2010, 46(3):  319-326. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper applies COPERT, a vehicular pollutant emission factor model, to calculate the emission factors of CO, CO₂ , NO_x , PM₂ , NMVOC, SO₂ , N₂ O, CH₄ , and NH₃ , for various vehicle categories including gasoline passenger cars, diesel passenger cars, LPG passenger cars, gasoline hybrid passenger cars, gasoline light duty vehicles, diesel light dutyvehicles, gasoline heavy duty vehicles, diesel heavy duty vehicles, buses, CNG buses, biodiesel buses, and motorcycles with different emission standards of Euro 0, Euro Ⅰ, Euro Ⅱ, Euro Ⅲ, Euro Ⅳ, Euro Ⅴ, and Euro Ⅵ, in consideration of factors including driving conditions, oil quality, and ambient temperature which have an impact on vehicular emission factors. The results provide scientific evidence and data support for the estimation of recent and future vehicular emission inventories in China, for the improvement of decision-making and management of vehicular pollution control, and for the assessment of the implementation effect of vehicular pollution control policies and measures.

Preparation of Pulp Refining Additive from Paper Sludge through Organic Modification

HE Xiaojia,WU Shaozu,FU Dongkang,NI Jinren

2010, 46(3):  379-384. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper describes the reuse of paper sludge, an industrial solid waste, for the preparation of pulp refining additive through organic modification. The process includes pretreatment, basification, etherification and post-treatment. The optimal preparation condition is: m( paper sludge) ∶m( sodium hydroxide) ∶m( sodium chloroacetate) = 0.9 ∶0.8 ∶1. 15; basification at 40 ℃, 90 min; etherification at 60℃, 3 hours. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are adopted to analyze and characterize the product. Furthermore, application results indicate that the product can reduce pulp refining energy consumption under the same pulp freeness or improve paper cohesion under the same pulp refining energy consumption. The technology that is characterized by lowproduction cost can bring good economic benefit and strong market competition ability.

SCI-Based Biblimetric Study on Bioaerosols

XU Zhenqiang,YAO Maosheng

2010, 46(3):  327-338. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Using HistCite and Endnote tools, a systematic biblimetric analysis on bioaerosol research was carried in this study. The leading journals, research institutions and countries in bioaerosol field were identified. The major bioaerosol research areas and trends were summarized and analyzed through bioaerosol-related key words. The information obtained here not only helps researchers in China better understand bioaerosol research progress and trends, but also is useful for atmospheric chemistry and health related studies.

Effect of Plant Growth on Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbe Community Structure under Cd and Pb Stress

GAO Yang,MAO Liang,ZHOU Pei,ZHI Yue’e,ZHANG Chunhua

2010, 46(3):  339-345. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The aim is to study the effect of plant growth on soil enzymes activity and microbe community structure. The maize is the experimental plant. The results show that microbe respiration and enzyme activity increase with elevated heavy metal concentration in soil and culture time. Low concentration Pb in soil would be helpful to enhance dehydrogenase and urease activity, but there is not significant effect on phosphatase activity. Meanwhile, planting maize would be helpful to alleviate the effect of Cd and Pb on phosphatase and urease activity and enhance soil respiration, and decrease the inhibition for dehydrogenase and urease activity under Cd and Pb stress, whereas enhancing the ecological dose value for inhibiting phosphatase avtivity is not significant. The effect of Pb on soil polymorphic bands is smaller than that of Cd, and planting maize would increase the polymorphic value and DNA richness. Therefore, there are important meaning to enhance plant diversity for alleviating heavy metal toxicity, increasing microbe community diversity and enhancing soil health.

Effects of Sepiolite on the Immobilization of Cadmium and Zinc in Soil

LIN Dasong,LIU Yao,XU Yingming,ZHOU Qixing,SUN Guohong

2010, 46(3):  346-350. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of natural sepiolite amendment on a heavy metals polluted soil and the sorption behaviour of sepiolite with respect to cadmium and zinc were studied by means of batch extractions. Using sepiolite as stabilizing agent, the soluble amount of both metals as well as their readily-extractable fractions are substantially decreased, when a sepiolite dose of 4% is applied, sepiolite has significant stabilizing efect on soluble amount of Cd and Zn as evidenced by a decline of 57. 3% and 41. 4% respectively, while the readily-extractable fractions of Cd and Zn as evidenced by a decline of 42. 8% and 24. 7% for Cd and Zn. The sorption processes of Cd and Pb by sepiolite can be described by Langmuir and Freundlich model. The sorption capacities are pH dependent undergoing a decrease with H⁺ concentration increase. The maximum sorption capacities shown at pH 6 are 12. 3 mg/ g and 6. 80 mg/ g for cadmium and zinc, respectively.

Experimental Study on the Biodegradability of Alkyl Xanthate Collectors

CHEN Shaohua,GONG Wenqi,MEI Guangjun

2010, 46(3):  351-357. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Biodegradation extent of several ordinary alkyl xanthate collectors was determined according to the testing standard for biodegradability of surfactants ( GB/T15818-2006) , and the kinetic model of biodegradation was also discussed. Meanwhile, the impact of molecular structure on biodegradability was studied as well. The results indicates that under the laboratory conditions, the biodegradation extent of ethyl xanthate, isopropyl xanthate, n-butyl xanthate, isobutyl xanthate, n-amyl xanthate can reach at 96. 36% , 81. 76%, 73. 74%, 63. 37%, 60. 30% in 8 days, respectively. All of their aerobic biodegradation follows the first order enzyme reaction kinetics equation. The biodegradation and rate constant of alkyl xanthates with different structure are comparatively different, the rate constant of collectors follows the order of k_ethyl >k_butyl > k_amyl > k_isopropyl > k_isobutyl . With an increase in length of carbon chain and number of alkyl lateral chain, the biodegradability of the collectors decreases, while the disappearing time (DT-90) and half-life time ( t_1/2 ) of the collectors increase. Comparing to the alkyl chain length, the branch has a more significant effect on the degradability of alkyl xanthates. Through the preliminary study of the biodegradation mechanism of xanthates, it is found that CS₂, ROCSSH and thiocarbonate are the main products of biodegradation of xanthates and a small amount of oil-like dixanthogen droplets are also produced.

Temporal and Spatial Change of Land Use/Cover in the Area of Lower Reaches of Urumchi River

XIE Jinkai,ZHAO Zhijie

2010, 46(3):  358-364. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Based on analyzing and interpreting the TM and ETM + remote sensing images at three temporal stages in 1989, 1999 and 2007, the land use/ cover change in the are of lower reaches of Urumuchi River in recent 18 years, in both spatial and temporal aspects, was studied with the tools of geographical information system ( GIS) . Conclusions are drawn as follows: From 1989 to 2007, the built-up area increased and urbanization in study area was obvious. The area of farmland, grassland and woodland increase in recent 18 years and the area of salinity and water extende quickly in the 1990s. By analyzing the indexes of individual land use/ cover dynamic change, it is found that both the gain rate and the loss rate of woodland are high for the lower survival rate of the local plantation. Meanwhile, there is notable difference of land use/cover change among districts. Urbanization in Shuimogou District and Xinshi District are most significant in recent 18 years.

Influence of Alien Invasive Specie Erigeron annuus on Biodiversity in Region of Wuling Mountain

LIU Tingting,ZHANG Hongjun,WANG Xiaolei,WU Lin

2010, 46(3):  365-370. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A survey was conducted with the belt-sample method on distributions of weeds in various habitats where alien plants grow. Through the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the authors find that light condition and human disturbance are key factors for wild weeds distribution in samples of Herb of Annual Fleabane, which take up 28. 84% and 23. 95%. By using Cluster Analysis and then comparing index of Simpson, Shannon-Wiener and Pielou, the results are verified that Erigeron annuus adapts to grow in quite drought environment with human intensive disturbance. The analysis of relationship between the importance value of this alien specie and the species richness of samples shows that the latter increases firstly and then decreases with the rise of the former, according withy = -0.1799x2 + 0. 2678x + 0. 7651( R2 = 0. 9209) , demonstrating a significant correlation between them, which suggests that the invasion of Erigeron annuus is harmful to species diversity. The results contribute to the prevention and control of alien invasive weeds.

Preliminary Study on the Comprehensive Evaluation of Green Landscape of New Countryside in Southern Jiangsu Province

YAO Yumin,ZHU Xiaodong,YUN Chenyan,LI Yangfan

2010, 46(3):  371-378. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The connotation of rural green landscape was discussed. The purposes of integrated evaluation are to appropriately assess ecological, economic, aesthetic and cultural values of rural green landscape during rapid urbanization. Based on this, the model of integrative evaluation was constructed by Delphi and analytic hierarchy process, and applied to two urban-type villages, two suburban villages and two remote suburban villages in Wujin district, Changzhou City. The following results are obtained. The comprehensive assessment indexes of the three villages are“better”and the others are “ordinary”. Ecological and aesthetic values are the main factors in this evaluation. Remote suburban villages and suburban villages have the maximum and minimum comprehensive valuation value respectively. The mean value of ecological, economic and aesthetic values of green landscape in these three type villages is: remote suburban villages > urban-type villages > suburban villages. The mean value of cultural value is: urban-type villages >remote suburban villages > suburban villages. The four values of each village were evaluated and the main differences were aesthetic and cultural values. Furthermore, the reasons of evaluation results were analyzed and the advice for future rural greening was given.

Influences of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) on Dewaterability of Thickened Sludge

ZHU Rui,WU Min,YANG Jian,WEI Chuanyin,ZHANG Bin

2010, 46(3):  385-388. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The thermophilic (55℃) anaerobic digestion were conducted in order to investigate the constituents of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as proteins and polysaccharides, and the influences of EPS on dewaterability of thickened sludge with humus soil (HS) or not. EPS were divided into two states i. e. dissolve-EPS and bound-EPS by centrifuge and heating respectively. During the whole process, dissolve-EPS, bound-EPS and Capillary suction time (CST) were detected. Results show that CST during digestion was markedly higher than the raw sludge. Statistical analysis suggest that CST and dissolve-EPS had a positive correlation; CST and bound-EPS had a negative correlation. After 21 days, dissolve polysaccharides in sludge with HS was less than without HS about 7% . However, dissolve proteins, bound-EPS did not have difference obviously in sludge. CST of sludge with HS was less than other about 25%. It indicates that dissolve polysaccharides had a strong influence of dewaterability of sludge.

Research on Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater by TBX Porous Ceramisite Filter Media

LIU Baohe,ZHANG Linsheng,MENG Guanhua,ZHENG Jun

2010, 46(3):  389-394. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To provide the slight alkaline environment and sufficient calciumions is the important condition to achieve efficient adsorption phosphate by adsorbent. Taking cement, xonotlite, clay, flying ash and CaO as primary raw materials, TBX porous ceramisite filter media was prepared by hydrothermal reaction and steam curing. Based on the leaching rate of calcium ions and pH transients of lixivium, the operation conditions were achieved. The filter media was applied to remove the low concentration phosphate in wastewater. The results show that under the dose of filter media 1% (mass fraction) and 10 mg/L of phosphate, after 120 min of adsorption, the concentration of residual phosphate could be reduced to 0.2mg/ L which was far lower than the State-specified standards. As the result of the properties of efficient phosphate adsorption and low cost, TBX porous ceramisite filter media should be promising in the field of the treatment of severe-eutrophic water body and municipal sewage.

Fabrication of Hydrophobic PVDF Hollow Fiber Membranes for Desalination of Brackish Water through Membrane Distillation

HOU Deyin,WANG Jun,WANG Baoqiang,SUN Xiangcheng,LUAN Zhaokun,REN Xiaojing

2010, 46(3):  395-400. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The mixture of inorganic salt LiCl and soluble polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) as non-solvent additive was introduced to fabricate hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride ( PVDF) hollow fiber membrane by phase inversion process. The membrane exhibited high rejection of inorganic salt solutes and a maximum permeate flux 40. 5kg/ (m²?h) was obtained. During direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process, the precipitation of CaCO₃ would be formed and clog the hollow fiber inlets with gradual concentration of the feed when natural brackish water was used directly as feed solution, which resulted in a rapid decline of membrane module efficiency. The negative influence of scale deposits could be eliminated by acidification of the feed. The DCMD desalination experiment of acidified brackish water showes that the PVDF membrane had stable permeate flux and the conductivity of the obtained distillate remained below 10 μS/ cm during the whole process.

Microbial Community Structures in Continuous FMBR Treating Dyestuff Wastewater: Relationship between Community Stability and Reactor Performance

GAO Shang,MA Lihua,HUANG Minsheng,TAO Fang,CHEN Cheng

2010, 46(3):  401-406. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was used to analyze the stability of microbial community structure in continuous white rot Fungal Membrane Bio-Reactor (FMBR) and the results were interpreted using sophisticated multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis. The experiment was carried out for 100 days continuously. The results indicate that the Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium) was identified by sequencing and it was the predominant species in microbial community. Then with the time increasing, the predominant was more and more obvious. The Shannon-Wiener indices of the microbial community at the end of the experiment decreased to 0. 92 lower than the average of 1. 92. The MDS analysis show that the changes among the microbial communities was relatively stable during the continuous FMBR operation stable. The average rate of decoloration maintained at 82.5% and the maximum rate could reach to 93. 2% . The continuous FMBR could decolorize dyestuff wasterwater efficiently during the operation.

Study on Using Constructed Wetland Systems for Rural High Turbid and EutrophicWater Treatment in Chongming of Shanghai

JI Bing,CHEN Jihua

2010, 46(3):  407-412. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper introduces a low technology system?constructed wetlands to treat the rural high turbid and eutrophic water in Chongming Island of Shanghai, China. This system was integrated by combined with oxidation pond and constructed wetland. Ecological fibre packing reinforced the functions of microorganism to form the symbiotic system of algae and bacteria in the pond. Ceramic padding particles with large surface area in constructed wetlands were liable to form microbial biofilm and absorb suspended particles. As a result, the removal rates of COD, TN, TP, and turbidity were good, and the average removal rates were 43. 60% , 38. 30% , 65. 38% , and 95. 48% , respectively. The treatment efficiency changed with seasons, and the best season was summer.

Research on Remediation of Nitrobenzene Contaminated Ground-Water with Combination Materials of Permeable Reactive Barrier

MENG Qingling,Ren Qun,WANG Xiansheng,YU Guangju,YANG Yi

2010, 46(3):  413-416. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A new kind of combination material of permeable reactive barrier(PRB) was developed for treating nitrobenzene contaminated ground-water. The safety of the new combination material was studied. The best parameters of the combination material of PRB were optimized. The treatment effect of the groundwater contaminated with nitrobenzene was studied preliminary in simulation tank. The results show that the combination material was safe, and no secondary pollution was produced when the waste water was treated by the combination material. The best reaction conditions was that the ratio of Fe ∶C was 5 ∶1, the pH was 4 to 5, the iron filling diameter was between 0. 1mm and 0. 2mm, the reaction time was 60 min, and the removing rate of nitrobenzene was reached to 94. 2% in the optimized column conditions. The removing rate of nitrobenzene was 93. 26% under the best simulation tank conditions.

Investigation of the Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal under Viscosity Sludge Bulking

PENG Zhaoxu,PENG Yongzhen,SU Xinying,GUI Lijuan,WANG Shuying,LIU Yang

2010, 46(3):  417-421. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to study the similarities and differences between viscosity bulking and filamentous bulking further, nitrogen and phosphorus removal characteristics under these two conditions were investigated systematically by using sequencing batch reactors (SBR). The results show that when pH is from 7. 2 to 8. 0, and temperature is from 22℃ to 24℃, viscosity bulking has no effect n nitrification process through increasing DO concentration during aerobic period. Under viscosity sludge bulking, the anoxic micro-environment caused by adhered EPS is proned to stimulate simultaneous nitrification and denitrification ( SND) happen, and the SND ratio is larger by 47. 80% than that under filamentous sludge bulking. Furthermore, higher SND ratio leads to nitrite accumulation during nitrification process. Sludge settleability under viscosity bulking is worse than that under filamentous bulking, and so is the phosphorus removal performance. The specific PO^3-₄P releasing rate and uptakiug rate under viscosity bulking are lower by 17. 65% and 25. 00% than those under filamentous bulking, respectively.

Reasons of China's Energy Intensity Change and Roles of Input Structure

XIA Yan,YANG Cuihong,CHEN Xikang

2010, 46(3):  442-448. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The authors use the structural decomposition method to develop the energy intensity decomposition model and to decompose energy intensity into five determinants: energy consumption coefficient, Leontief inverse coefficient, final demand structure, final demand level, and final energy consumption coefficient. Then the RAS method is used to decompose energy consumption coefficient and Leontief inverse coefficient into changes both in structure and efficiency. Empirical study is carried out on the constant price energy-input-output tables from 1987 to 2005. One main conclusion is that between 1987 and 2002, input structure accounts for most of the decline in energy intensity. However, the total demand of production per unit final demand and final demand structure explain the energy intensity increase between 2002 and 2005.

Study on Regional Environmental Management Mechanism in China

WAN Wei,ZHANG Shiqiu,ZOU Wenbo

2010, 46(3):  449-456. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Regional environmental problems might be solved by regional environmental management and cooperation which is based on macro view instead of local ones. In addition, only taking the consideration of the regional arrangement for attacking the pollution issues based on the overall cost and benefits of the various control and prevention scenarios, the regional environmental issue can be solved in an efficient way. Building proper and effective mechanism for environmental management and cooperation is very important while the transformation from local control to regional governance is one main direction of environmental management development and innovation in China. Traditional environmental protection form have been innovated by many developed countries, especially in the United States, new policies and conventional instruments are well conformed. By comparing practical problems and gaps in China with international experiences, key factors and system arrangements of regional environmental management are discussed and several suggestions about how to achieve efficient corporation are proposed.

Nitrifying Population Optimization in Municipal Saline Wastewater Treatment

YE Liu,WANG Shuying,ZHAO Kaifeng,PENG Yongzhen

2010, 46(3):  422-428. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A sludge population optimization strategy aims to select the ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB) by using sodium chloride (NaCl) as a selective inhibitor to nitrite oxidation bacteria (NOB) is applied in biological nitrogen removal process during municipal wastewater treatment using a sequencing batch reactor( SBR) . Different salinity tests contributed to the best inhibition salinity chosen were applied. In order to optimize nitrifying microbial communities to get steady nitrite pathway, 7.6g/ L salinity and 4 month salt inhibition period were applied. FISH analysis indicated that AOB ( Nitrosospira) became the dominant nitrifying bacteria and NOB ( Nitrobacter) had been washed out of the activated sludge. An understanding of salt inhibition mechanism on NOB is also discussed.

Effects of Copper on Biodegradation of Selected Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

YU Qing,SUN Weiling,LI Zhenshan

2010, 46(3):  429-434. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The effects of copper on microbial degradation of three common endocrine disruptors (EDs) (bisphenol A, BPA, 17 beta-estradiol, E2, and 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol, EE2) were investigated. Results show that the presence of copper appeared to be considerably inhibitory to the biodegradation of EDs in the order of E2 > BPA > EE2, and the effects increased with the rising copper concentration. This result from the biomass reduction and the changes of microbial community structure due to the addition of copper. Difference of microorganisms in the absence and presence of copper was characterized by transmission electron microscope. This study may provide important insights into the potential mechanisms of heavy metal influencing the biodegradation of organic matters in co-contaminated system.

Variation of Microbial Community Structures in Landfill Leachate Treatment System

SHAO Jun,SUN Haimei,SUN Weiling,LI Zhenshan

2010, 46(3):  435-441. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To disclose the mechanism of N-removal in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment system (Shenzhen), community structure of total bacteria and nitrifier in this system were explored by PCR-DGGE and real-time PCR. The influence of environmental factors on microbial community structure was analyzed. The results show that 91. 4% of TOC and 99. 9% of NH⁺_4-N were removed during the whole process. The quantitative assay show that the numbers of total bacteria,AOB, and NOB had no significant relationship with the concentrations of TOC and ammonia (p > 0. 05). Dissolved oxygen (DO) had no effect on the number of AOB, but had great influence on the number of NOB. Microbial community structure and DMS analysis show that the DO concentration affected the community structure of total bacteria and NOB, while ammonia concentration determined the community structure of AOB.

Impacts of Sloping Land Conversion Program on Households’Sustainable Livelihood

XIE Xuxuan,ZHANG Shiqiu,ZHU Shantao

2010, 46(3):  457-464. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper constructed the SLCP-SL framework and used the Matching DID ( difference in difference) regression models to analyze SLCP’s net effect on households’sustainable livelihood. The survey was conducted by Environmental Economics Study Group in Peking University in 2004, and two cross section data sets of 1999 and 2003 were obtained. The short analysis of income implicates that: SLCP reduce households’crop income significantly; livestock breeding and forest production income have no significant increase; off-farm working increased households’income a lot but without significant proof of cause-effect by SLCP. In long term, the SL assets are the most important factors determining SL capability; however which are still very poor in western China. So, in the further policy design and implementing of SLCP, government should focus on improving households’SL assets but not only subsidize them directly.

Corporate Response to the “Energy Saving and Pollution Abatement Policy”

XING Lu,SHI Lei,Athar Hussain

2010, 46(3):  465-470. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The authors surveyed 120 manufactories in Q city from November 2008 to December 2008 for collecting first hand information from a corporation perspective. Based on it, the paper covers following aspects of this policy: 1) policy impact on business; 2) corporate action to it as well as performance of implementation; 3) obstacles to fulfill the given targets; especially 4) how corporate properties, such as scale, ownership, current environmental performance on energy using and pollution, target market and listed situation impact the corporate responding performance. The results implicate that the national policy of energy saving and pollution abatement could significantly contribute to outdate production facilities less environment-friendly with strict implementation, and more effective quota distribution and supportive policies are in need to facilitate the corporate sustainable transformation.

Pricing Mechanism Design in Environmental Financial Market: Bayesian Nash Implementation

YU Haidong,TANG Wenhui,TIAN Qihua,LUO Yunfeng

2010, 46(3):  471-476. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The Authors analyzed the cause of the pricing diversification between environmental financial products, then the pricing mechanism in the market was given. It proved that Nash perfect implementation didn’t exist in pricing mechanism. Through a signaling game model, the configuration rule is explained in pricing mechanism and the Bayesian implementation mechanism was gained in imperfect information condition, which revealed the nature of pricing diversification between environmental financial products. The result shows that the issuer of environmental financial product can send its reputation signal to investors through implementation cost, and the reputation diversification results in pricing diversification which is useful to improve pricing efficiency in environmental financial market.

Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation on Regional Environmental Risk

QU Changsheng,BI Jun,HUANG Lei,LI Fengying,YANG Jie

2010, 46(3):  477-482. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to assess the spatial pattern of provincial environmental risk in China, this paper constructs an index system composed of danger index and vulnerability index. Data used for comprehensive evaluation is a three-dimension system, including evaluation obj ect, index and time. Accordingly, this paper induces time ordered weighted averaging (TOWA) operator and mathematical programming models to calculate the time weights. Through this method, environmental risk in recent 5 years was assessed and the spatial pattern of environmental risk was shown. Suggestions on risk alleviation and management were also provided on the basis of cluster analysis.

Research on the Change of Motorized Passenger Transport Energy Consumption in Selected Chinese Cities Based on LMDI Method

ZHANG Ming,MU Hailin

2010, 46(3):  483-486. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The change of urban passenger transport energy consumption is influenced by many factors, such as urbanization rate, resident travel behaviors etc. To better understand the dominant factors that influence the energy consumption, it is important to analyze the driving force quantitatively. Here, a new decomposition model based on LMDI method is developed to analyze China's passenger transport energy in mega-cities. Empirical analysis of the model is applied to Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The results show that most factors lead to the growth of urban passenger transport energy consumption in various degrees.

Motivation Analysis for Inlinks to a Tourism Attraction?s Website Based on Reference Theory: A Case Study of Mt. Huangshan

QI Lina,ZHANG Yi,TIAN Yuan,YANG Anran,SHI Lei

2010, 46(3):  487-496. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The number of inlink to a tourist attraction's official website has been interpreted as its attractiveness in the previous study. However, hyperlink creation motivation study is required to validate this finding. For overcoming the problems of motivation research at present, this paper provides a new method based on reference theory, which considers that the domain name of a tourist attraction's website has not only reference(that is, refers to a website) , but also meaning (reflects the significance of using its hyperlink). Through a case study of Mt. Huangshan, it shows that the inlink creation is not random, the domain names which have the same reference could have different meaning and its meaning reflects the distribution of the significance of using its hyperlink. It also shows that the main creation motivations of inlink to a tourist website are to recommend the tourist attractions. In particular, almost 90% of inlinks pointing to the domain name (www.tourmart.cn) which is the most representative for Huangshan Mountain are related to tourism. The results above provide evidence for the interpretation of the tourist attraction?s inlink count as its attractiveness.