Table of Content

20 November 2002, Volume 38 Issue 6

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The Variation of the Posture Characteristics and Its Position as A Subspecies of the Jingbo Lake Burbot, Lota lota(Linneaus)

YANG Yuzhuang,YIN Lijie,QIN Dagong,YANG Shuxun,PAN Wenshi

2002, 38(6):  850-854. 

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The posture characteristics and systematic measurement of Burbot was compared be tween Jingbo Lake and Baikal. The genetic variation of the posture characteristics of the Jingbo Lake Burbot was discussed from t-test analyses.Mayr Formula and C.D≥1.28 as systematic index to check Jingbo Lake Burbot. According to observations its systematic position is Lota lota lota(Linné).

Advance of Plant Aquaporins Research

YU Qiuju,WU Qi,LIN Zhongping,LI Jingfu

2002, 38(6):  855-866. 

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Plant aquaporins are water-selected-channels in plants and involved in seed germination, cell elongation, stoma movement, fertilization and so on. Some plant aquaporins also play an important role in response to stress. This article focuses on the relationship between plant aquaporins and draught resistance. The structure, function and gene regulation of aquporins as well as research methodology are reviewed.

Scientific Publications of Peking University in 2001

ZHANG Guanghong,ZHOU Hui,WU Qi

2002, 38(6):  867-872. 

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The scientific publications in 2001 have been analyzed, that are collected by a well known science information database Science Citation Index(SCI), where the first authors or correspondence authors are from Peking University. The resent status of scientific publication in the university is presented, i.e.the main source of the authors(professors, post doctors, students), the types of publications and the main journals. The analysis shows that with the increasing of the number of publications per year from Peking University, the number of high quality papers is increasing steadily. In 2001, the number of papers with impact factors higher than 3.0 reaches 145. Some problems in scientific publication are presented, suggestions are given on the improvement of scientific publication in this article.

Studies on the Relationship between the Structures of Tartaric Acid Derivatives and Their Optical Activities

LIN Chongxi,LIU Jingyuan,WANG An,YE Xiulin

2002, 38(6):  739-743. 

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Several L-tartaric acid derivatives (1～6) were synthesized and their specific rotations were measured. It was found that diester 3 exhibited an unusually high negative value of specific rotation([α]_D²⁵-45.03 °，DMSO]), its amide derivative s 4 showed slightly positive specific rotation (4a:+11.19°,4b:+2.14°)，and the reduction products showed slightly negative values (5a:-0.52°, 5b:-4.92°，6：-2.95°). The optical activities o f 1～6 were elucidated by the polarization ability of functional gro ups and the helical structures.

Synthesis of Chiral Glycerol Derivatives

GUO Yong'en,WANG Nengdong,CHEN Jiahua,ZOU Feng,CHEN Liumin,JIN Sheng,FU Bin,ZHANG Xiu,ZHANG Yandong,YOU Zejin,LIU Dongmei

2002, 38(6):  744-749. 

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One new chiral derivative of propanetriol, (R)-2-benzyloxy-3-(2-tetrahyd ropyranyloxy) propanol was designed and synthesized; and (R)-2-benzyloxy-3 -(4-methoxybenzyloxy) propanol was prepared with a new method using natural tartaric acid as starting material. They are chiral synthons for lysophosphatidic acid, platelet-activating factors, lipoteichoic acid, and other compounds containing asymmetric propanetriol backbone.

Population Viability Analysis of Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Qinling Mountains

WANG Hao,LI Songgang,PAN Wenshi

2002, 38(6):  756-761. 

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Based on years collected population inform ation of Giant Panda in Qinling Mountains, a mechanical stochastic model was built to simulate the dynamic of wild panda population in Qinling, as well as this populations viability analysis. The model results shows that the panda population in Qinling has positive growth potential. The minimum viable population size, which defined in this article is the population last for 200 years with no more than 5% extinct possibilities, is 28～30 individuals. The extinct possibility will inc rease because of population demographic stochastic factors, if the initial popula tion size is lower than 28～30. With the influence of density dependant factors, the minimum population size is 50～60, and the density independent factor's affect should not higher than 1% per year. According to the current population size of Qinling, the current panda population's extinct possibility caused by demographic stochastic is low, and it is able to sustain for a long time if its environment could be kept as current or get better.

Theoretical Studies on the IR Spectra of Co₂(CO)₈ and the Catalytic Activities of HCo(CO)₃ and HCo(CO)₄

HOU Ruobing,YI Xianghui,LU Danmei

2002, 38(6):  750-755. 

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Studies on the band positions in IR spectra of Co₂(CO)₈ with the C_2v symmetry and the catalytic activities of the species, HCo(CO)3 and HCo(CO)4,in the reaction of the olefin hydroformylation have been carried out by using quantum chemical calculation at the B3LYP/6-3 1G* level. Two structures of the Co₂(CO)₈, the geometry of C_2v symmetry, as well as the conformation of D_3d symmetry, have been optimized and the structure optimized of C_2v symmetry Co₂(CO)₈ agrees well with experimental structure and is 28.80kJ/mol more stable than D_3d one. The band pos itions in IR spectra of C_2v symmetry Co₂(CO)₈ is well in accord with the experimental studies. It is found that the active catalytic species, HCo(CO)₃ and HCo(CO)₄, have C_2v and C_3vsymmetries, respectively, and that the catalytic activity of HCo(CO)₃ is better than HCo(CO)₄. In addition, the π bond between ethene and HCo(CO)₃ has been formed in the coordinate catalytic reaction and the theoretical bond energy is 100.80kJ/mol.

Change of Posture Characteristics of Lamprey, Lampetra japonica (Marten)

YANG Yuzhuang,YIN Lijie,QIN Dagong,YAN G Shuxun,PAN Wenshi

2002, 38(6):  762-770. 

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According to observations during the fertilization period,the posture structure of the Lampetra japonica (Marten) changes; the normally separate dorsal fins join so that they are adjacent. Systematic measurement of 116 Lampetra japonica (55 females, 61 males) have done. When the Lampertra japonicareturn to their spawning area up the river from the Sea of Japan in three different groups during different seasons, 27 different measurements were conducted on each fish. Each spawning group brought into comparison from t-test analyses and dissected Lampetra japonica on site in order to observe their posture structure. From the time the Lampetra japonica enter the freshwater river until spring of the following year when the eggs are released, especially during the fertilization period, various aspects of their body structure undergo change.

Home Range Utilization in an All-male Band of White-headed Langur (Trachypithecus francoisi leucocephalus) in Luobai, China

ZHU Lizhong,ZHANG Yingyi

2002, 38(6):  771-778. 

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To know the home range utilization and group dynamics of all-male band, GS band was followed daily in Luobai from September 2000 to August 2001, which was composed of four subadult males. The result showed that the home range of GS band was about 62.4 ha, with 73.8% overlapped those of neighboring bisexual troops. The overlapped areas made the home range of GS band larger than those of bisexual troops. There were significant seasonal changes in the percent of time GS band spent in different part of the home range.

Studying on the Potash Micatization in the Caijiaying Lead-zinc-silver Deposit

FENG Youli

2002, 38(6):  785-789. 

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Potash micatization is one of the main hydrothermal alteration minerals genetically related to the lead-zinc-silver deposit. It usually shows as muscovitization, sericitization and illitization. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the chemical composition of potash mica, adapted the follow methods: electronic probe, differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis. At last, the structu ral characteristics and the geological environment of potash mica forming have been discussed.

Influence of Mine Drainage on Xiaofu River and Mechanism Analysis in Zibo Mines

ZHANG Jianli,PAN Mao,ZHONG Zuoshen,TANG Minggao

2002, 38(6):  779-784. 

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Massive mining drainage has been discharged from Zibo mines, Shandong Province. It flows downslope or along channel and finally discharge into the Xiaofu River. Mining drainage lowered the pH value, raised the hardness and the contents of SO₄^2-，Fe, Al, and traceelements. Mixing process of mining drainage and the river water, the neutralization of river water and surrounding rocks, and the precipitation of Fe and Al, all these mechanisms play important roles.

Conodont Fauna of Late Permian to Early Triassic in Leping Area, Jiangxi Province

WU Guichun,YAO Jianxin,JI Zhansheng

2002, 38(6):  790-795. 

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The Conodont Fauna of late Permian to early Triassic from Yangou section in Leping area, Jiangxi Province was discussed in this paper. All of the Conodont individuals founded in this section were listed in a figure. According to the distribution of the important conodont elements, this section was divided into three conodont zones from the upper permian to the lower Triassic: Clarkina.changxingensis, Cl.deflecta and Cl.subcarinata Assemblage Zone;Hindeodus latidentatus Zone andHindeodus parvus Zone. According to the significant meaning of Hindeodus's Pa elements, this article described two important Pa elements of Hindeodus, namely H.latidentatus and H.parvus, discussed evolutionary relation between them; The perfectly preserved Pa elements of this two conodont species are of great research value.

Experimental Study on the Relations between Rock Resistivity and Temperature in Simulating In-situ Conditions

LI Yanhua,SHI Ge

2002, 38(6):  796-800. 

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Using the rock resistivity meter with simulating in-situ conditions, the relations between rock resistivity and temperature were observed from 6 sandstone samples with different porosity and permeability, while samples were brine water-saturated and subjected to certain confining pressure. It is found that the resistivities of water-saturated rock samples decrease in the form of power expression with the temperature increase. Although the resistivity of brine water decreases with temperature in the same rule, it can not entirely account for the decreasing of rock resistivity. The cementation factor m or the factor a in Archie's equation are affected by temperature too. Then it is indicated that the micro changes of minerals composing the rocks due to temperature will reveal in the macro properties of rocks.

Sustainable Tourism Development of Regional Culture Landscape from Landscape Ecology: the Case of Shaoxing

LIU Zhongwei,WANG Yanglin,PENG Jian,WANG Xiaodong

2002, 38(6):  801-808. 

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Sustainable tourism development of regional culture landscapes, not only comprises one important area of culture landscapes studies, but also is vital to realize tourism sustainability. The essence of sustainable tourism development of regional culture landscapes is constructing spatial heterogeneity and dynamically improving its function of landscape system. With the case study of Shaoxing City, the authors apply the theories and methods of lands cape ecology to sustainable tourism development of Shaoxing culture landscapes. There are three main aspects emphasized: to conserve and reasonably develop unit culture landscape; to construct spatial heterogeneity and improve its function; and to put forward suggestions for macro-ecological management of Shaoxing culture landscapes.

The Analysis of Rock Mass Fatigue Effect under Vibration Environment in Luoyang Longmen Grottoes

ZHANG Chengyu

2002, 38(6):  809-816. 

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With metal fatigue in material mechanics, this paper deduces the limestone fatigue curve of Longmen Grottoes by means of marble's one within the error permission. By the experiment elects the crucial factors of current vibration environment in Longmen Grottoes, the author contrasts the result of the experiment with its fatigue curve referred above and analyses the fatigue effect of Longmen Grottoes. Finally, it is pointed out that after Longmen Grottoes have being suffered weathering and water-erosion more than 1500 years, the vibration environment is becoming an crucial factor leads to fatigue effect, especially in those weak surface carvings just like the crossings of several rifts, serious weathering places, etc.

RAPD Analyses of Fagus Species in China

JI Chengjun,SHEN Haihua,FANG Jingyun,XIE Changfu,FAN Yongjun

2002, 38(6):  817-822. 

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Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to assess six Fagus species in China. Fifty-six of eighty tested arbitrary primers generated obvious bands with size ranging from 250 to 3050bp. An index of genetic similarity(F)was calculated and the value of (1-F) was used to evaluate genetic distances between species to construct dendrogram. The result suggested that three species，F.pashanica, F.hayaatae and F.hayatae var.zhejiangensis, had closer relationship and should be clustered into a single species. This was in good agreement with our morphological work. Based on RAPD markers,we suggested that Chinese beech species should be divided into four species, F.longipetiolata, F.engleriana, F.lucida and F.hayaatae (including F. pashanica and F.hayatae var.zhejiangensis).

Multifractal Measures of City-size Distributions Based on the Three-Parameter Zipf Law: Mathematical Frameworks and Empirical Evidence

CHEN Yanguang,ZHOU Yixing

2002, 38(6):  823-830. 

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Urban hierarchy as a result of some fractal recursion is generalized to the binomia l multiplicative process and accordingly city-size distributions can be describ ed by multifractal measures. Based on the generalized Beckmann-Davis model advan ced by the authors P_m=P₁r_p^1-m，f_m=f_1f^m-1，where r_f=f_m+1/f_m denotes number ratio of cities in the mth and (m+1)th level of central-place hierarchies, the spectrum of fractal dimensions D_q as a function of the moment order q of city class-size relationships is expressed asD_q=p^q+(1-p)^q］/［(1-q)lnr_f］,where p=P(2)/［P(2)+P(3)］,(P(2) is the population of rank 2,etc.), thus the mass exponent can be given by the formula, τ(q)=(1-q)D_q. By means of the Legendre transformation, the Lipschitz-Holder exponent α(q) for the mass can be derived as α(q)=［p^qlnp+(1-p)^qln(1-p)］/{［p^q+(1-p)^q］ln(1/r^f)}, correspondingly, the fractal dimension of the set supporting this exponent will yield through the equation f(α)=qα(q)+τ(q). An empirical analysis is made with the population data of the US cities to verify the theory and models developed in this paper, which will contribute to reconcile the apparent difference between the hierarchical step-like frequency distribution of city sizes suggested by central place theory and the smooth curve reflected by the work on the rank-size rule.

Comparison of Approaches for Water Erosion Modeling on Hillslopes

SHEN Dayong,MA Ainai,LIN Hui,NIE Xianghui

2002, 38(6):  831-837. 

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Firstly the necessity of water erosion modeling on hillslopes is discussed. Then existing water erosion models are generally divided into two types, formalization logic computational models and dialectical logic computational models(according to the way of solving problems)where the former can be further divided into four types--primarily empirically based, partially conceptually and partially empirically based, partially process based and partially empirically based, as well as theoretically based as weak points of the previous classification methods are concerned. Finally characteristics of each type and their relationships are illust rated by examples.

Using RSIMWEH, Particle System and Metaball to Simulate the Process of Soil Erosion by Water on Hillslopes

SHEN Dayong,MA Ainai,LIN Hui,MAO Shanjun,NIE Xianghui

2002, 38(6):  838-845. 

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Particle system and metaball techniques are introduced from computer graphics to geography. Combined with Remote Sensing In formation Model of Water Erosion on Hillslopes(RSIMWEH), the authors put forward the concept of erosion voxel and dynamically display the process of soil erosion by water on hillslopes in 3D space. This is a new probe for 3D GIS theory and the paper proves its feasibility through application.

Enantioselective Borane Reduction of Prochiral Ketones Catalyzed by (S)-(indolin-2-yl) methanol or (S)-indoline-2-carboxylic Acid

SUN Guobin,PEI Weiwei,WU Yongqing,HUO Jun,YE Weiping

2002, 38(6):  846-849. 

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An enantioselective borane reduction of prochiral ketones directly catalyzed by (S)-(indolin-2-yl)methanol or (S)-indoline-2-carboxylic acid was examined and the resultant chiral secondary alcohols with 82%～87% enantiomeric excess were obtained.