The self-organizing mapping neural network clustering (SOM) was utilized to conduct an objective classification study of large-scale samples of atmospheric circulation in Kunming from 2017 to 2019. Meteorological conditions and circulation characteristics of different weather types were assessed by using ground-based ozone concentration and daily ozone pollution data. Findings indicate that there are 9 atmospheric circulation field types in Kunming, with significant differences in occurrence probability and seasonal variation. Different weather types significantly affect the frequency of ozone pollution days (O₃-8h≥160 µg/m³) in Kunming. Among all ozone pollution days, T2 (high pressure ridge in northwest Yunnan) and T6 (westward-moving typhoon) have the highest frequency, accounting for 30.8% and 38.5% of total ozone pollution days respectively, defined as “pollution weather types”. T4, T7, and T8 were classified as “relatively clean weather types” due to absence of ozone pollution, while T1, T3, T5, and T9 are “relatively pollution weather types”. There are significant differences in circulation patterns between T2 and T6. Under the control of T2 weather, Kunming and even the entire Yunnan region are dominated by the westerly wind in front of the high-pressure ridge. Easterly winds surrounding the typhoon affect T6 weather. However, under both circulation conditions, the Kunming and Yunnan region are under the control of high pressure circulation, easily forming high temperature, low humidity, strong radiation, and other environmental conditions conducive to ozone exceeding standards. 

运用自组织映射神经网络聚类(SOM)方法, 对昆明市2017—2019年间的大气环流进行大规模样本的客观分型研究。结合地面观测的臭氧浓度及臭氧日污染数据, 分析不同天气类型的气象条件及环流形势特点。结果显示, 昆明的大气环流场大致可分为9种类型, 各天气型的出现概率及季节变化存在显著差异。在不同的天气类型下, 昆明市臭氧污染日(O₃-8h≥160 µg/m³)的出现频率具有明显的倾向性差异。在所有臭氧污染日中, T2型(滇西北高压脊型)和T6型(西行台风型)的出现频率最高, 分别占臭氧污染总日数的 30.8%和38.5%, 属于“污染天气型”; T4, T7和T8型天气未出现过臭氧污染日, 属于“偏清洁天气型”; T1, T3, T5和T9型则为“偏污染天气型”。T2与T6型在环流形势上具有明显差异。在T2型天气控制下, 昆明及整个云南地区都受高压脊前西风的支配, 而T6型天气为台风外围东风影响所致。这两种环流形势下, 昆明及云南地区均处于高压环流控制之下, 均易形成高温、低湿和强辐射等有利于臭氧浓度超标的气象条件。