This paper analyzes the area, carbon storage and biodiversity of mangroves in the Mainland of China in the past four decades, and systematically evaluates the ecological benefits of mangrove conservation and restoration measures. In the implementation of mangrove conservation and restoration measures show that compared with 48800 hectares in the 1970s before development, the mangrove area decreased to about 18600 hectares from 1980 to 2000, and the mangrove carbon storage decreased from 45.7 Mt CO₂e to 15.4 Mt CO₂e. From 2000 to 2020, the restoration of mangroves has been strengthened, and the area has been restored to 28000 hectares in 2020, and the carbon storage has increased to 24.1 Mt CO₂e, but it is later than the area recovery. From 1980 to 2000, the number of species of native true mangroves has not decreased, but the population size has been greatly affected. The species is seriously endangered. Among the existing 28 species (including Laguncularia racemosa and Sonneratia apetala introduced from abroad), 15 species are endangered in different degrees. From 2000 to 2020, although the recovery efforts have increased, the endangered status has not been significantly improved. In all, this paper puts forward corresponding restoration countermeasures.

对近40年来中国大陆红树林的面积、碳储量及生物多样性进行剖析, 系统地评估红树林保护与恢复措施的生态效益。研究结果表明, 在红树林保护与恢复措施的实施下, 相较于开发前1970年代的4.88万公顷, 1980—2000年红树林面积减少到约1.86万公顷, 同时红树林碳储量由45.7 Mt CO₂e 减至15.4 Mt CO₂e; 2000—2020年间红树林的恢复力度加大, 2020年已恢复至2.8万公顷, 同时碳储量增加至24.1 Mt CO₂e, 但是滞后于面积的恢复; 1980—2000年, 中国大陆原生真红树的物种数量未减少, 但种群规模受到较大的影响, 物种濒危状况严重, 现有的28种真红树(包括从国外引种的拉关木和无瓣海桑)中, 有15种不同程度地濒危; 2000—2020年, 虽然恢复力度加大, 但濒危状况未得到显著的改善。基于研究结果, 针对性地提出相应的恢复对策。