Abstract:

The occurrence of 22 antibiotics in water samples, sediments, fish and shellfish in aquaculture area of the Pearl River Estuary (Zhuhai and Daya Bay) was studied, using ultrasonic extraction combined with ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The main pollutants detected in aquaculture area of the Pearl River Estuary are quinolones such as norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and flumequine. Higher Σantibiotics were observed in Zhuhai Bay in water and sediments compared with Daya Bay. The concentrations of antibiotics in water samples, ranging from 0.13 (sulfamethoxazole) to 4.68 (spectinomycin) ng/L on average, were strongly affected by precipitation. The concentrations of antibiotics in sediments, ranging from 0.02 (isochlortetracycline) to 8.77 (spectinomycin) ng/g (dry weight) on average, accumulated over time. The concentrations of antibiotics in seafood ranged from 0.06 (sulfamerazine) to 46.75 (norfloxacin) ng/g (dry weight). The concentration levels of antibiotics in shellfish and fish were similar and did not show any significant difference. The correlation analysis showed that the concentration levels of antibiotics among sediments were the same; for most seafood, it was same; and for water samples, the difference was great.

Key words: antibiotics, Pearl River estuary, aquaculture area, water, sediments, seafood

摘要：

采用超声波萃取结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法, 研究珠江口(珠海和大亚湾)海水养殖区的水样、沉积物以及水产品(鱼类和贝类)中22种抗生素的污染状况。结果表明, 珠江口海水养殖区的主要污染物是喹诺酮类的诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和氟甲喹等。珠海沉积物和水样中抗生素污染程度略高于大亚湾。水样中抗生素的浓度范围为0.13 (磺胺甲恶唑)~4.68 (奇霉素) ng/L, 浓度水平受降水影响显著。沉积物中抗生素的浓度范围为0.02 (金霉素)~8.77 (奇霉素) ng/g (干重), 表现出时间累积性。水产品中抗生素浓度范围为0.06 (磺胺甲基嘧啶)~46.75 (诺氟沙星) ng/g (干重), 贝类和鱼类样品中抗生素污染程度接近, 差异性不显著。相关性分析结果表明, 沉积物样品间的污染程度类似, 水产品样品间污染的相似性也较显著, 而不同水样间的污染成分及污染水平差异性较大。

关键词: 抗生素, 珠江口, 养殖区, 水体, 沉积物, 水产品