Abstract:

Heavy metal contamination is one of the most concerned global environmental problems and the soil heavy metal contamination is especially severe in lead-zinc mining areas in China. In order to study the soil fungal community composition changes responding to different degree of heavy metal pollution, soil samples from the lead-zinc mine field of Yunnan Mengnuo were studied. 5 samples from the heavy metal pollution soil (HP) and other 4 from the low pollution (LP), based on the cluster analysis of heavy metal contents and the physical and chemical properties of the sample were analyzed. Genomic DNA of the soil samples were extracted and the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) genes were sequenced by the high-through sequencing Illumina MiSeq. The fungal communities at different taxonomic levels (Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species) were compared. In HP samples, the abundance of unclassified fungi were the highest, then followed by Aspergillus, Un--s-Clavulinaceae sp. and Un--s-fungal sp. ARIZ L453 respectively. In LP samples, the unclassify fungi were also high, but less than HP. The relative abundance of fungi from high to low was Geastrum, Aspergillus and Mortierella. The Representational Difference Analysis (RDA) showed that different heavy metals influence fungal community diversity and the concentrations of Pb was significantly correlated with fungal community.

Key words: lead-zinc mining, heavy metal pollution, high-throughput sequencing, fungal community

摘要：

为研究土壤真菌适应不同程度重金属污染的群落组成变化, 以云南省勐糯铅锌矿区土壤样品为研究对象, 通过对其重金属含量和理化性质聚类分析, 选取 5 个重金属高污染和 4 个低污染样品为代表, 提取土壤样品总DNA, 利用Illumina MiSeq测序技术对其进行测序分析, 并在门、纲、目、科、属、种水平上, 分析比较真菌的群落组成变化。研究结果表明, 在高浓度重金属污染样品中, 未被分类真菌占绝对优势, 其次是Aspergillus, Un--s-Clavulinaceae sp.及Un--s-fungal sp. ARIZ L453等。污染低的样品中未被分类真菌也含有较高丰度, 但低于高污染样品, 其次是 Geastrum, Aspergillus 和 Mortierella 等。利用代表性差异分析技术(RDA)分析重金属对土壤真菌多样性的影响, 发现Pb含量对微生物群落结构具有极显著影响。研究结果可为寻找表征重金属污染程度的“核心微生物”奠定一定的理论及实验基础。

关键词: 铅锌矿, 重金属污染, 高通量测序, 真菌群落组成