Based on the Web of Science (WoS) core collection and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, 2485 English publications and 232 Chinese publications in the research field of interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and heavy metals from 2004 to 2024 were screened. Using bibliometric methods combined with visualization tools including VOSviewer and CiteSpace, this study quantitatively analyzes the publication trends, scientific collaboration networks, research hotspots, and evolutionary characteristics of research frontiers in this domain.The results indicate that the global annual publication output in this field shows a continuous growth trend from 2004 to 2024. China occupies a dominant position with a share of 49.54%, and an international scientific research collaboration network centered on China has been formed. The core research issues in this field focus on the complexation-adsorption mechanisms of heavy metals driven by DOM functional groups, as well as the regulatory patterns of DOM fractions, environmental factors and microbial activities on the migration, transformation and bioavailability of heavy metals. Cutting-edge technologies represented by high-resolution mass spectrometry and in-situ spectroscopic characterization have become the main development direction for the elucidation of microscopic mechanisms in this field. By constructing a bibliometric analysis framework supported by multi-source database collaboration, this study clarifies the development stages of the field and the disparities between Chinese and international research, and accurately identifies the current bottleneck issues. The findings can provide data support and theoretical guidance for the transformation of the heavy metal pollution governance technical system from end-of-pipe control to the technical paradigm of “source regulation-process interception-resource recovery”, and also offer a reference for the future layout of research in this field. 

基于Web of Science (WoS)核心合集与中国知网(CNKI)数据库, 筛选溶解性有机质与重金属的相互作用关系研究领域2004—2024年2485篇英文文献与232篇中文文献, 采用文献计量学方法, 结合VOSviewer和CiteSpace可视化工具, 定量地解析该领域的发文趋势、合作网络、研究热点及前沿演进特征。结果表明, 2004—2024年该领域全球发文量呈持续增长趋势, 中国以49.54%的占比居于主导地位, 形成以中国为核心的国际科研合作网络; 该研究领域的核心问题聚焦于DOM官能团对重金属的络合–吸附机制, 以及DOM组分、环境因子和微生物活动对重金属的迁移转化与生物有效性的调控规律; 高分辨质谱和原位光谱表征等前沿技术成为该领域微观机制解析的主要发展方向。通过构建多源数据库协同的文献计量学分析框架, 厘清该领域的发展阶段与中外研究差异, 精准地识别当前研究的瓶颈问题, 研究结果可为重金属污染治理从“末端控制”向“源头调控–过程阻断–资源回收”的技术体系转型以及该领域研究未来的布局提供参考。