Based on the monitoring data of six representative lakes in Saihanba, this study analyzed the spatial distribution, sources and ecological risks of eight metal ions, followed by exploring the impacts of DOM and its spectral parameters on the distribution of heavy metals. The results show that the average contents of Cr, Fe, Co, As, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were 0.09, 82.89, 0.04, 0.88, 0.83, 8.70, 0.03 and 0.41 μg/L, respectively, which were all lower than Class III of the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water. The 8 heavy metals displayed high homology, suggesting the natural sources, with certain interference from the interference of human activities. To further investigate the relationship between DOM and heavy metals, three fluorescent components (C1, C2, C3) and spectral parameters of DOM were identified by excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM‑PARAFAC). DOM can influence the spatial evolution of heavy metals. As, Cd and Cu were positively correlated with DOC. As was positively related to C3 components, Cd and Pb were positively correlated with BIX. Spatially, Taiyang Lake (TYH) showed high DOM content and BIX value, which significantly promoted the enrichment of Cu, As, Cd and Pb. The evaluation results of single factor and Nemero comprehensive pollution index show that the heavy metal pollution level in Saihanba is low, and the risks mainly come from Fe and As. Attention should be paid to the interactions between heavy metals and DOM, along with the potential ecological risks. 

以塞罕坝国家森林公园6个代表性河湖为研究对象, 对8种重金属离子的来源、空间分布和生态风险进行分析, 并探究溶解性有机质(DOM)及其光谱参数对重金属分布特征的影响。结果表明, 塞罕坝8种重金属含量整体上偏低, Cr, Fe, Co, As, Cu, Zn, Cd和Pb的平均含量分别为0.09, 82.89, 0.04, 0.88, 0.83, 8.70, 0.03和0.41 μg/L, 均低于国家地表水环境质量III类标准, 且6个河湖重金属的空间分布差异显著。8种重金属表现为同源性, 主要为自然来源, 并在一定程度上受人类活动影响。通过三维荧光光谱–平行因子分析(EEM-PARAFAC)获得DOM的3种荧光组分(C1, C2 和 C3)和特征光谱参数, 表明其对重金属的空间分布特征有不同的影响。As, Cd 和Cu与溶解性有机碳(DOC)显著正相关, 其中As与DOM的C3组分显著正相关, Cd和Pb与BIX (自生源指数)显著正相关。从空间分布看, 太阳湖(TYH)呈现出高DOM含量和高BIX的特点, 显著地促进Cu, As, Cd和Pb的富集。单因子和内梅罗综合污染指数评价结果表明, 塞罕坝重金属污染水平较低, 风险主要来源于Fe和As。DOM–重金属的相互作用及其产生的潜在生态风险值得关注。