北京大学学报自然科学版 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (1): 53-64.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.007

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基于高频地波雷达观测的海南岛西侧潮流特征及其对台风的响应

陈曦1, 杨凡2, 韦骏3,†   

  1. 1. 广西大学海洋学院, 南宁 530004 2. 国家海洋局珠海海洋环境监测中心中心站, 珠海 519000 3. 中山大学大气科学学院, 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 珠海 519000
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-26 修回日期:2024-03-21 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 韦骏, E-mail: weijun5(at)mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室自主项目(SML2020SP009)资助

Tidal Current Characteristics and Response of Tidal Current to Typhoon on the West Side of Hainan Island by High Frequency Radars

CHEN Xi1, YANG Fan2, WEI Jun3,†   

  1. 1. School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004 2. Zhuhai Marine Environmental Monitoring Central Station of the State Oceanic Administration, Zhuhai 519000 3. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000
  • Received:2023-12-26 Revised:2024-03-21 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-20
  • Contact: WEI Jun, E-mail: weijun5(at)mail.sysu.edu.cn

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摘要：

基于高频地波雷达观测得到的海南岛西侧海洋表层流场数据, 运用调和分析等方法, 研究该海域潮流特征及其季节变化规律。结果表明, 该海域浅水分潮显著, 潮流性质主要为全日潮, 其中偏北部分为不规则全日潮, 偏南部分为规则全日潮。潮流运动以顺时针往复流为主, 南部的最大可能潮流流速大于北部, 其中最大可能潮流流速在南部为1.2~1.8 m/s, 北部为0.25~1 m/s。此外, 计算了潮流对台风“小熊”的响应情况, 结果表明, 台风导致表层潮流强度在短时间内减弱, 在台风过境7天后, 潮流强度基本上恢复至台风影响前的状态, 与半日潮相比, 该现象在全日潮中更明显。

关键词: 北部湾, 潮流, 高频地波雷达, 台风, 表层流

Abstract:

Based on the surface flow field data from high-frequency radar on the west side of Hainan Island, harmonic analysis and some other methods were employed to investigate the tidal current characteristics and their seasonal variations in this region. The results show significant shallow-water tidal features, with the tidal currents predominantly diurnal. The northern part of the study area exhibits irregular diurnal tidal characteristics, while the southern part displays regular diurnal tidal patterns. The tidal current mainly follows a clockwise reciprocating motion, with the maximum potential tidal current velocity being stronger in the south region than that in the north region. Specifically, the maximum possible tidal current velocity is 1.2–1.8 m/s in the south and 0.25–1 m/s in the north. In addition, the impact of Typhoon “Koguma” on the tidal current was also calculated. The results indicate that the typhoon temporarily weakens the surface tidal current intensity, which generally recovers to normal intensity within seven days. Compared with semi-diurnal tides, this phenomenon is more pronounced in diurnal tides.

Key words: Beibu Gulf, tidal current, HF radar, typhoon, surface current

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