北京大学学报自然科学版 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 519-525.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2019.021

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长江下游厌氧氨氧化细菌标记基因相对丰度及影响因素

王海英, 潘瑞, 刘树枫, 赵云鹏, 党晨原, 倪晋仁†   

  1. 北京大学环境工程系, 北京市新型污水深度处理工程技术研究中心, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-19 修回日期:2018-05-16 出版日期:2019-05-20 发布日期:2019-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 倪晋仁,E-mail:nijinren(at)iee.pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0402102)资助

Relative Abundance of Anammox Bacterial Marker Genes in the Lower Yangtze River and Their Affecting Factors

WANG Haiying, PAN Rui, LIU Shufeng, ZHAO Yunpeng, DANG Chenyuan, NI Jinren†   

  1. Beijing New Advanced Treatment Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 
  • Received:2018-04-19 Revised:2018-05-16 Online:2019-05-20 Published:2019-05-20
  • Contact: NI Jinren,E-mail:nijinren(at)iee.pku.edu.cn

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摘要：

为探索河流系统中厌氧氨氧化细菌的分布情况, 于2014年春秋两季采集长江下游6个断面的水体和沉积物样品, 通过宏基因组测序方法, 根据优化序列与自建厌氧氨氧化细菌标记基因hzsA, hzsB, hzsC, hdh数据集的比对结果, 计算各基因相对丰度。结果表明, 水体溶解氧浓度较高导致厌氧氨氧化细菌标记基因丰度极低, 而沉积物中各基因相对丰度较高, 平均值分别为4.540×10-10, 4.939×10-10, 4.333×10-10和2.859×10-10。随着温度升高, 秋季沉积物中各基因相对丰度显著高于春季。大通、南京和徐六泾沉积物中各基因相对丰度较高, 这与人类活动扰动的增强以及入海口盐度升高有关。物种分类鉴定结果表明, 长江下游沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌在属水平上以Candidatus Brocadia和Candidatus Jettenia为主。厌氧氨氧化细菌标记基因相对丰度与NO2--N, NO3--N和NH4+-N等理化因子相关, 并且, 由于NO2--N浓度远远低于NH4+-N, 因此NO2--N浓度是长江下游沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌生长的限制性因子。

关键词: 长江下游, 厌氧氨氧化细菌, 标记基因, 物种组成

Abstract:

In order to investigate the distribution of anammox bacteria in river ecosystems, water and sediment samples were collected at 6 sites along the lower Yangtze River in spring and autumn in 2014. Clean reads of metagenomic sequencing were BLAST against self-constructed datasets of anammox bacterial marker genes hzsA, hzsB, hzsC and hdh, and valid hits were used to calculate their relative abundances. As results, average relative abundances of hzsA, hzsB, hzsC and hdh genes in water were extremely low due to the excess dissolved oxygen which was not suitable for anammox bacteria. Whereas, the average relative abundances in sediments were much higher, i.e., 4.540×10-10, 4.939×10-10, 4.333×10-10 and 2.859×10-10, respectively. Due to the temperature rise, average relative abundances of hzsA, hzsB, hzsC and hdh genes in sediment samples in autumn were higher than those in spring. From the changes alongside the river, average relative abundances of hzsA, hzsB, hzsC and hdh genes at Datong, Nanjing and Xuliujing were relatively higher, which was due to anthropogenic activity and salinity increase in the estuary. Based on the results of taxonomic identification, anammox bacteria in the lower Yangtze River mainly consisted of Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Jettenia at genus level. Relative abundances of hzsA, hzsB, hzsC and hdh genes were related to NO2--N, NO3--N and NH4+-N concentration, of which NO2--N concentration was the restrictive factor as it was much lower than NH4+-N concentration.

Key words: lower Yangtze River, anammox bacteria, marker genes, taxonomic composition

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