水土平衡的生境营造模式及其工程应用

doi:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2023.092

北京大学学报自然科学版 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 165-174.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2023.092

水土平衡的生境营造模式及其工程应用

王志勇^1,2, 李嘉宁³, 彭晓³, 洪敏⁴, 张凯^1,†

1. 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012 2. 北京大学景观设计学研究院, 北京 100871 3. 北京大学城市与环境学院, 北京 100871 4. 安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院, 合肥 230601

收稿日期:2022-12-16 修回日期:2023-02-17 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2024-01-20
通讯作者: 张凯, E-mail: kevin76581(at)sina.com
基金资助:
黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究(第一期)(2022YRUC010101 和 2022YRUC010601)、国家自然科学基金(51678002)和安徽高校省级人文社会科学研究重大项目(SK2020ZD24)资助

Habitat Creation Modes Based on Balance between Water and Soil and Its Application in Ecological Restoration Engineering

WANG Zhiyong^1,2, LI Jianing³, PENG Xiao³, HONG Min⁴, ZHANG Kai^1,†

1. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012 2. The Graduate School of Landscape Architecture, Peking University, Beijing 100871 3. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871 4. School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601

Received:2022-12-16 Revised:2023-02-17 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-01-20
Contact: ZHANG Kai, E-mail: kevin76581(at)sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对我国农业生产中的23种理水造田智慧进行梳理, 总结其处理水土关系的方法, 发现通过就地填挖土方, 将雨水径流进行收集或分离, 在局部与土壤形成一种动态稳定的互生互养关系, 是营造可种植生境的核心。在此基础上, 提炼出“挖凹以集蓄塑造汇水区、堆凸以分流塑造分水岭”的两种生境营造模式。依据地形坡度与河水淹没范围之间的动态关系, 提出两种生境营造模式在流域尺度的空间分布范式——多尺度分水岭–汇水区的嵌套结构。将两种生境营造模式应用于生态修复工程实践, 证明其具有处理水土平衡关系、营造可种植生境的潜力, 可为当前我国的生态修复工程提供方法和技术参考。

关键词: 设计生态, 传统生态智慧, 生境营造, 生态修复, 基于自然的解决方案

Abstract:

Methods for regulating the relationship between water and soil were summed up in 23 traditional waterscape and farmland design wisdom. Creating a reciprocal and mutually reinforcing relationship between water and soil in local area is the core of creating habitats through collection and diversion of water by cutting and filling earthwork. Moreover, two habitat creation modes, named collection mode and diversion mode, were put forward. Collection mode means building water catchment by cutting earthwork in land slope. Diversion mode means building dividing ridge by filling earthwork in inundation area. At the same time, spatial distribution pattern of two modes in river basin scale was proposed based on dynamic spatial relationship between slope and runoff inundation area. It presented a multiscale mosaic structure among diverse dividing ridges and water catchments. Potential in regulating the balance between water and soil and creating habitats being suitable for planting were shown clearly by the applications in ecological engineering practices. It could provide method and technology reference for ecological engineering practices in China.

Key words: designed ecology, traditional ecological wisdom, habitat creation, ecological restoration, nature-based solutions

王志勇, 李嘉宁, 彭晓, 洪敏, 张凯. 水土平衡的生境营造模式及其工程应用[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2024, 60(1): 165-174.

WANG Zhiyong, LI Jianing, PENG Xiao, HONG Min, ZHANG Kai. Habitat Creation Modes Based on Balance between Water and Soil and Its Application in Ecological Restoration Engineering[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2024, 60(1): 165-174.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://xbna.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.13209/j.0479-8023.2023.092

https://xbna.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V60/I1/165

[1]	王志勇, 李嘉宁, 刘佳驹, 彭晓. 设计生态系统的一般方法框架及其在典型模式中的应用[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2023, 59(3): 501-512.
[2]	宋雪, 王辉, 石建娅, 王旭光, 沈小雪, 李瑞利. 深圳湾困难立地红树林修复技术与应用研究[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2022, 58(5): 929-936.
[3]	李瑞利, 杨芳, 王辉, 王文卿. 红树林保护与修复标准发展现状及对策[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2022, 58(5): 916-928.
[4]	刘佳驹, 王志勇, 王春连, 吴珊珊, 王宇泓, 阳平坚. 基于水生态系统服务的水景观综合绩效评价框架[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2022, 58(5): 909-915.
[5]	江鎞倩, 李瑞利, 沈小雪, 张志, 张月琪. 红树植物耐盐–耐淹性的荟萃分析及其应用对策[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2022, 58(4): 687-699.
[6]	蒋丹凝, 王志芳, 陈宇枫, 张子骄, 杨少栋. 岭南乡村“海绵”措施的宏观归纳分析[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2018, 54(4): 873-882.

水土平衡的生境营造模式及其工程应用

Habitat Creation Modes Based on Balance between Water and Soil and Its Application in Ecological Restoration Engineering

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 6

编辑推荐

Metrics

留言