Taking the cut-off years of China’s four five-year development strategies as the research time point, based on the radial function (RBF) neural network model, China’s 337 municipal administrative units (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) construction land utilization strength in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 was measured, and the exploratory spatial data analysis model (ESDA) was used to analyze its spatial and temporal evolution pattern. The main driving factors of spatiotemporal differentiation of construction land use intensity in China were analyzed by using geographically weighted regression model (GWR). The results show that from 2000 to 2015, China’s construction land use intensity showed an overall upward trend, and the spatial difference was significant. The high-intensity utilization level was mainly concentrated in the Bohai Rim Economic Zone, major coastal cities and provincial capital cities. The intensity of china’s construction land utilization presented spatial self-correlation, and the global pattern of separation was basically consistent with the pattern of cold hot spot distribution and spatial heterogeneity. The spatial pattern evolution of China's construction land use intensity was mainly affected by four factors: economic development level, industrial structure, urbanization level and government economic regulation. The rank of its influence degree was urbanization level < industrial structure < level of economic development < government economic regulation.