关键词: 生长-消费模型, 承包前期放牧行为, 承包中期放牧行为, 经济最佳牧草生物量, 生态补偿, 草地管理

Abstract: Understanding and regulating of the grazing behavior of local herdsman can be propitious to avoid overgrazing, which is regarded as the dominant driving force of grassland degradation. The grazing behavior in early and intermediate stage of grassland contract was analyzed by employing the model of growth and consumption in pasture system，into which the discount rate was introduced. The result shows that herdsmen like to maximize their grazing intensity in early grazing stage, no matter how perfect the institution of pasture property right is. However, in intermediate grazing stage, herdsmen will lower the grazing intensity, so they can keep green biomass stable at the economicial optimalizing level. The intermediate grazing intensity is positively related to the discount rate, and the economicial optimalizing green biomass is negatively related to the discount rate. Therefore, it is possible to keep the economicial optimalizing green biomass above a given threshold by paying herdsmen ecological compensation in theory. Particularly, the monetary value can be obtained by compensation coefficient times green biomass. In addition, compensation coefficient is positively related to the discount rate，and negatively related to the threshold.

Key words: model of growth and consumption, grazing behavior in early grassland contract stage, grazing behavior in intermediate grassland contract stage, economicial optimalizing green biomass, ecological compensation, pasture management