关键词: 景观多样性, 时空分异, 人为影响, 卧龙自然保护区

Abstract: The authors studied the spatial and temporal variation of landscape diversity pattern as well as the causes in Wolong natural reserve since mid 1980's, and also discussed the related problems of management and scale effect of landscape diversity study. Results indicated that the basic cause that led to significant changing of landscape diversity pattern during our study period was human impact in the past 35 years. Large scale of wood logging began at mid 1960's decreased landscape diversity of total working area, especially the mediumlow mountain area, but the afforestation behavior lasted for more than 30 years gradually increased landscape diversity of different areas. It should be one of the important problems concerned by the related studies, which were the restoration object of suitable integrated landscape structure including spatial diversity pattern and the practice methodologies. Our study also proved that landscape diversity research has obvious scale effect characteristics. Clear evidence is that forest rehabilitation increased landscape diversity of mediumscale study area such as the total working area, natural landscape, human impacted landscape, and different altitude area, but decreased diversity degree of small scale area such as the buffer zones of different human impact sources. Experimental study resulted that suitable square sample size for mediumsmall scale study of landscape diversity in our working area is 50×50 cells.

Key words: landscape diversity, spatial and temporal variation, human impact, Wolong natural reserve