关键词: 性别差异, 乐观, 冒险倾向

Abstract: This study designs two kinds of variables to measure the characteristics of optimistic attitude by questionnaire methods. The results show that the gender difference generally exists in optimism and risk-taking tendency of an individual. But it displays dissimilar forms in the two kinds of variables. The gender difference in optimistic variables is implicit and complicated, which presents the interaction of the main dimensions of optimistic variables, namely positive expectancy and negative expectancy. In the other hand, it in risk-taking variables accords completely with the traditional conception toward the expectation of gender that male is more risk-taking than female does. Both variables, gender and optimism, can predict the risk-taking tendency of an individual.

Key words: gender difference, optimism, risk-taking tendency