北京大学学报(自然科学版)

量子信息的几率删除

张鸿涛, 曾谨言   

  1. 北京大学物理系,北京,100871
  • 收稿日期:2002-04-09 出版日期:2003-01-20 发布日期:2003-01-20

Probabilistic Erasing of Quantum Information

ZHANG Hongtao, ZENG Jinyan   

  1. Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871
  • Received:2002-04-09 Online:2003-01-20 Published:2003-01-20

摘要: 通过一个幺正变换U和一个测量过程M,对于从一个量子态集合{|ψ1〉, |ψ2〉}中随机选出的两个非正交态,实现几率删除的方案。比较了量子删除和量子克隆物理过程的差异及其效率。

关键词: 量子不可克隆定理, 量子不可删除定理, 几率删除

Abstract: According to the superposition principle of quantum states, an arbitrary quantum states can not be deterministically erased(Pati & Braunstein), but may be probabilistically erased. Similar to the probabilistic cloning of quantum states by Duan & Guo, in this paper a probabilistic erasing scheme is developed, i.e., two non-orthogonal states secretly chosen from a certain set {|ψ1〉, ψ2〉} can be probabilistically erased through a unitary transformation U in combination with a subsequent measurement M. The differences in characters and efficiencies between probabilistic cloning and erasing are discussed.

Key words: quantum non-cloning theorem, quantum non-erasing theorem, probabilistic erasing

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