北京大学学报(自然科学版)

分散和集中注意条件下的Stroop效应:意识的影响

耿海燕,李云峰   

  1. 北京大学心理学系,北京,100871
  • 收稿日期:2001-04-20 出版日期:2002-05-20 发布日期:2002-05-20

Stroop Effect under Divided vs. Focused Attention: the Influence of Consciousness

GENG Haiyan,LI Yunfeng   

  1. Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871
  • Received:2001-04-20 Online:2002-05-20 Published:2002-05-20

摘要: 基于Stroop效应证实了意识知觉和无意识知觉引起的行为结果存在质的差异,色词的无意识知觉导致Stroop效应的出现,而色词的有意识知觉导致Stroop效应的反转。一个处于分散注意状态下被无意识知觉的刺激,既可以通过集中注意的方法使之达到有意识知觉,也可以通过增强刺激特性使之达到有意识知觉。

关键词: 意识知觉, 无意识知觉, 分散注意, 集中注意

Abstract: Qualitative differences in performance were established across perception with awareness and perception without awareness, based on one phenomenon: Stroop priming. A typical Stroop effect occurred when color words were perceived without awareness, whereas a reversed Stroop effect occurred when color words were perceived with awareness. A stimulus that was perceived without awareness under a divided-attention condition, could be perceived with awareness either by focusing attention or by increasing stimulus quality.

Key words: perception with awareness, perception without awareness, divided attention, focused attention

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