北京大学学报自然科学版 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 464-474.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2024.004

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中国台湾岛流域地貌对构造活动的响应

郭晓非1,2, 李江海1,2,†   

  1. 造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室, 北京大学地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-13 修回日期:2023-12-15 出版日期:2024-05-20 发布日期:2024-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 李江海, E-mail: jhli(at)pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2906501)资助

Fluvial Geomorphic Characteristics of Taiwan Island, China and Its Tectonic Implications

GUO Xiaofei1,2, LI Jianghai1,2,†   

  1. The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution (MOE), School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871
  • Received:2023-04-13 Revised:2023-12-15 Online:2024-05-20 Published:2024-05-20
  • Contact: LI Jianghai, E-mail: jhli(at)pku.edu.cn

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摘要：

基于SRTM DEM 30 m数据和ArcGIS软件, 提取台湾岛的水系和流域盆地, 计算得到台湾岛的地貌参数(坡度、地形起伏度和面积–高程积分(HI)值), 并分析台湾岛水系分布对活动断裂的响应情况, 得到以下结论: 1) 台湾岛河流受构造活动控制, 以中央山脉为分水岭, 西侧河流的南部水系为纵向流动, 北部水系为横向流动, 中央山脉以东的河流均为东西流向; 2) 台湾岛的HI值整体上呈现中间高、两边低的趋势, 与海拔大体上呈正相关关系, 沿逆冲断层边界, 不同构造地质单元的HI值东西两侧差异明显; 3) HI值可以反映台湾岛造山带的生成时序, 流域盆地受构造抬升运动影响时间越长, HI值越大。

关键词: 台湾岛, 水系分布, 流域盆地, 地貌特征, 面积–高程积分(HI), 构造活动

Abstract:

Based on SRTM DEM 30 m data and ArcGIS, the river system and geomorphological parameters (slope, topographic relief, and hypso-metric integral (HI)) were extracted to analyze the response of the river system for tectonic activities in Taiwan Island drainage basin, and the mainly conclusions were obtained as follows. 1) The rivers of Taiwan Island are controlled by tectonic activities, with the Central Range as the watershed. The rivers on the western side of Central Range flow vertically in the southern part of the system, and flow horizontally in the northern part. The rivers on the east of Central Range all flow in an east-west direction. 2) The HI values on Taiwan Island show an overall trend of high in the middle and low on the both sides, with a roughly positive correlation with elevation, and the HI values differ significantly along the east and west sides of the reverse fault boundary. 3) The HI values can reflect the generation time sequence of the orogenic belt of Taiwan Island. The longer the drainage basin has been affected by the tectonic uplift movement, the larger the HI value.

Key words: Taiwan Island, river system, drainage basin, geomorphic characteristics, hypso-metric integral (HI); tectonic activity

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