细菌对铅和铬在多孔介质中迁移行为的影响

doi:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选用石英砂和载铁石英砂两种介质模拟环境介质, 以大肠杆菌C3000 为代表细菌, 考察细菌对Pb(Ⅱ) 和Cr(Ⅵ)迁移行为的影响。研究发现, Pb(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)在载铁石英砂中迁移的阻滞系数(分别为4.793 和 1.212)分别大于在石英砂中的阻滞系数(1.145 和0.427), 表明Pb(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)在载铁石英砂中的迁移能力低于其在石英砂中的迁移。在石英砂中, Pb(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)在无细菌时迁移的阻滞系数(分别为1.145 和0.427)与有细菌时迁移的阻滞系数(1.230 和0.369)相近, 表明Pb(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的迁移不受共存细菌的影响。在载铁石英砂中, Pb(Ⅱ)在有细菌时迁移的阻滞系数(6.360)明显大于其在无细菌时的阻滞系数(4.793), 而Cr(Ⅵ)在有细菌时迁移的阻滞系数(1.212)与其在无细菌时的阻滞系数(1.037)相近, 表明细菌的存在会抑制Pb(Ⅱ)的迁移, 而对Cr(Ⅵ)的迁移不产生影响。研究结果可为预测重金属在土壤地下水中的迁移行为提供理论依据。

关键词: 铅, 铬, 迁移, 饱和多孔介质, 细菌

Abstract: Escherichia coli C3000 was selected as model bacteria to evaluate the influence of bacteria on the transport of lead and chromium in two types of porous media (bare quartz sand and iron-oxide coated quartz sand (IOCS)). Experimental results showed that the retardation factors of lead and chromium in iron oxide-coated sand (4.793 for lead and 1.212 for chromium) are much greater than those in bare quartz sand (1.145 for lead and 0.427 for chromium), indicating that the transport of lead and chromium was lower in IOCS than that in bare quartz sand. In bare quartz sand, the retardation factors of lead and chromium in the absence of bacteria (1.145 for lead and 0.427 for chromium) are similar as those in the presence of bacteria (1.230 for lead and 0.369 for chromium), demonstrating that the transport of lead and chromium were not affected by the presence of bacteria; however, in IOCS, the retardation factor of lead in the presence of bacteria (6.360) is much larger than that in the absence of bacteria (4.793), whereas, the retardation factor of chromium in the presence of bacteria (1.212) is similar as that in the absence of bacteria (1.037). The results indicated that the presence of bacteria inhibited the transport of lead, whereas, the transport of chromium was yet not affected by the presence of bacteria in IOCS. These findings will help to predict the transport of heavy metals in variable soils and subsurface environment.

Key words: lead, chromium;transport;saturated porous media;bacteria

原野;蔡荔;童美萍. 细菌对铅和铬在多孔介质中迁移行为的影响[J]. 北京大学学报（自然科学版）, DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.024.

YUAN Ye;CAI Li;TONG Meiping. Influence of Bacteria on the Transport Behaviors of Lead and Chromium in Porous Media[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.024.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://xbna.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.024

https://xbna.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2015/V51/I3/539

参考文献

[1] Wang S G, Gong W X, Liu X W, et al. Removal of lead (Ⅱ) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto manganese oxide-coated carbon nanotubes. Separation and Purification Technology, 2007, 58(1): 17–23
[2] Tang S C N, Yin K, Lo I M C. Column study of Cr( Ⅵ ) removal by cationic hydrogel for in-situ remediation of contaminated groundwater and soil. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2011, 125: 39–46
[3] 贾振邦, 梁涛, 林健枝, 等. 香港河流重金属污染及潜在生态危害研究. 北京大学学报: 自然科学版, 1997, 33(4): 79–86
[4] Schwab A, He Y, Banks M. The influence of organic ligands on the retention of lead in soil. Chemosphere, 2005, 61(6): 856–866
[5] Raji C, Anirudhan T. Batch Cr( Ⅵ ) removal by polyacrylamide-grafted sawdust: kinetics and thermodynamics. Water Research, 1998, 32(12): 3772–3780
[6] Costa M. Potential hazards of hexavalent chromate in our drinking water. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2003, 188(1): 1–5
[7] Sang Y, Li F, Gu Q, et al. Heavy metal-contaminated groundwater treatment by a novel nanofiber membrane. Desalination, 2008, 223(1): 349–360
[8] Jensen D L, Ledin A, Christensen T H. Speciation of heavy metals in landfill-leachate polluted groundwater. Water Research, 1999, 33(11): 2642–2650
[9] Lai K C, Lo I M. Removal of chromium (Ⅵ) by acidwashed zero-valent iron under various groundwater geochemistry conditions. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008, 42(4): 1238–1244
[10] Baumann T, Fruhstorfer P, Klein T, et al. Colloid and heavy metal transport at landfill sites in direct contact with groundwater. Water Research, 2006, 40(14): 2776–2786
[11] Du G, Li Z, Liao L, et al. Cr(Ⅵ ) retention and transport through Fe( Ⅲ )-coated natural zeolite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 221: 118–123
[12] Grolimund D, Borkovec M, Barmettler K, et al. Colloid-facilitated transport of strongly sorbing contaminants in natural porous media: a laboratory column study. Environmental Science & Technology, 1996, 30(10): 3118–3123
[13] Calmano W, Ahlf W, Förstner U. Study of metal sorption/desorption processes on competing sediment components with a multichamber device. Environmental Geology and Water Sciences, 1988, 11(1): 77– 84
[14] Saiers J E, Hornberger G M. The influence of ionic strength on the facilitated transport of cesium by kaolinite colloids. Water Resources Research, 1999, 35(6): 1713–1727
[15] Schmitt D, Taylor H, Aiken G, et al. Influence of natural organic matter on the adsorption of metal ions onto clay minerals. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(13): 2932–2938
[16] Metreveli G, Abbt-Braun G, Frimmel F H. Influence of NOM on the mobility of metal(loid)s in watersaturated porous media. Aquatic Geochemistry, 2010, 16(1): 85–100
[17] Wu S, Luo Y, Cheung K, et al. Influence of bacteria on Pb and Zn speciation, mobility and bioavailability in soil: a laboratory study. Environmental Pollution, 2006, 144(3): 765–773
[18] 王建龙, 陈灿. 生物吸附法去除重金属离子的研究进展. 环境科学学报, 2010, 30(4): 673–701
[19] Beveridge T, Murray R. Uptake and retention of metals by cell walls of Bacillus subtilis. Journal of Bacteriology, 1976, 127(3): 1502–1518
[20] De Lurdes M, Gonçalves S, Sigg L, et al. Metal ion binding by biological surfaces: voltammetric assessment in the presence of bacteria. Science of the Total Environment, 1987, 60: 105–119
[21] Daughney C J, Fein J B, Yee N. A comparison of the thermodynamics of metal adsorption onto two common bacteria. Chemical Geology, 1998, 144(3): 161–176
[22] Pang L, Close M, Noonan M, et al. A laboratory study of bacteria-facilitated cadmium transport in alluvial gravel aquifer media. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2005, 34(1): 237–247
[23] Schwertmann U, Cornell R M. Iron oxides in the laboratory. Portland: Wiley-VCH, 20000
[24] Parks G A. The isoelectric points of solid oxides, solid hydroxides, and aqueous hydroxo complex systems. Chemical Reviews, 1965, 65(2): 177–198
[25] Redman A D, Macalady D L, Ahmann D. Natural organic matter affects arsenic speciation and sorption onto hematite. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(13): 2889–2896
[26] Kapetas L, Ngwenya B T, Macdonald A M, et al. Thermodynamic and kinetic controls on cotransport of 北京大学学报(自然科学版) 第51 卷第3 期 2015 年5 月 546 pantoea agglomerans cells and Zn through clean and iron oxide coated sand columns. Environmental Science & Technology, 2012, 46(24): 13193–13201
[27] Lafrance P, Marineau L, Perreault L, et al. Effect of natural dissolved organic matter found in groundwater on soil adsorption and transport of pentachlorophenol. Environmental Science & Technology, 1994, 28(13): 2314–2320
[28] Pal B, Sharon M. Preparation of iron oxide thin film by metal organic deposition from Fe(Ⅲ)-acetylacetonate: a study of photocatalytic properties. Thin Solid Films, 2000, 379(1): 83–88
[29] Abudalo R, Bogatsu Y, Ryan J, et al. Effect of ferric oxyhydroxide grain coatings on the transport of bacteriophage PRD1 and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in saturated porous media. Environmental Science & Technology, 2005, 39(17): 6412–6419
[30] Xu Y, Axe L. Synthesis and characterization of iron oxide-coated silica and its effect on metal adsorption. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 282(1): 11–19
[31] Coston J A, Fuller C C, Davis J A. Pb2+ and Zn2+ adsorption by a natural aluminum- and iron-bearing surface coating on an aquifer sand. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1995, 59(17): 3535–3547
[32] Uygur V, Rimmer D. Reactions of zinc with ironoxide coated calcite surfaces at alkaline pH. European Journal of Soil Science, 2000, 51(3): 511–516
[33] Violante A, Ricciardella M, Pigna M. Adsorption of heavy metals on mixed Fe-Al oxides in the absence or presence of organic ligands. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 2003, 145: 289–306
[34] Hassellöv M, Von Der Kammer F. Iron oxides as geochemical nanovectors for metal transport in soilriver systems. Elements, 2008, 4(6): 401–406
[35] Yang H, Kim H, Tong M. Influence of humic acid on the transport behavior of bacteria in quartz sand. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2012, 91: 122–129
[36] Kim S B, Park S J, Lee C G, et al. Bacteria transport through goethite-coated sand: Effects of solution pH and coated sand content. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2008, 63(2): 236–242
[37] 刘兆昌, 聂永丰, 张兰生, 等. 重金属污染物在下包气带饱水条件下迁移转化的研究. 环境科学学报, 1990, 10(2): 160–172
[38] Özer A, Özer D. Comparative study of the biosorption of Pb(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ) and Cr(Ⅵ) ions onto S. cerevisiae: determination of biosorption heats. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003, 100(1): 219–229