关键词: 海岸带, 城市化, 土地资源, 冲突与协调, 山东半岛

Abstract: Coastal zone is an interface region by geo-sphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere, and also mostly affected by human activities. Driven by urbanization, population and economic activities are fast concentrating in coastal zones, resulting in a series of land use conflicts, especially in the developing countries at economic transition time. Shandong Peninsula is located in the East China. There are six big cities along the coast of the Peninsula. They are Tsingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao, Weifang and Dongying cities. Along with fast urbanization, there are large changes in land use and land covers. From 1990 to 2003, the cultivated land all decreased in every city, other decreased land use types were grassland, water area and unused land. At the same time, constructed land, garden land and woodland increased. A series of land use conflicts issues must be envisaged. The mostly expressive are three types of conflicts: those between expanding constructed land and decreased cultivated land; those between land resource utilization and conservation; and those between increasing demand for land and degrading land quality. All in all, they reflect the fundamental conflict between short-term economic development and long-run food/ecosystem security. This paper puts forward the approach to coordinate land use conflicts: (1) updating concepts—intensive land use and smart growth, (2) planning order—construct regional security pattern firstly, (3) multi-proposals—land gross control combining rigidity and flexibility, (4) space allocation—functional restriction and compatibility, (5) mechanism and policy—communicate, participate, equitable and all winning. Through controlling the gross area of various types of land uses, improving land use efficiency, and using flexible policies, we attempt to resolve the conflicts between fast urbanization and resultant resource and environment problems, so as to realize integrated and coordinated coastal management.

Key words: coastal zone, urbanization, land resource, conflicts and coordination, Shandong peninsula