Through permanent plot-based ecological monitoring of five representative mangrove communities (Kandelia obovata-Aegiceras corniculatum community, K. obovata community, K. obovata-Avicennia marina community, A. marina community, and artificial forest) in the Mangrove Nature Reserve of Shenzhen Bay, combined with measurements of leaf functional traits and sediment physicochemical parameters, this study elucidates the population distribution pattern, asexual reproduction dynamics and ecological strategies of the understory A. ilicifolius population under the background of terrestrialization. The results show that A. ilicifolius has become the dominant understory species (importance value: 85.38%), with an aggregated distribution pattern (K<0) and a uniform distribution (PAI=1, C<1). The population density of mature individuals showes slow expansion(1991–2011), rapid growth (2011–2019: 0.03→16.84±13.11 plants/m²), and stabilization by 2023 (17.26±7.03 plants/m²). Clonal reproduction is one of the key strategies for the A. ilicifolius population to dispersal. A. ilicifolius exhibits stoloniferous clonal growth with guerrilla architecture, characterized by a mean spacer length (41.26±32.92 cm) and monthly elongation rate (1.29±0.66 cm/month), reflecting an expansion-growth (escape strategy) under low-light understory habitats. High-sedimentation zones trigger an ecological strategy shift from CS to C or CR, manifested by increased canopy height and long-spacer stolon extension. This study provides early-warning data for mangrove ecological risks.

通过设立固定样方, 对福田红树林国家级保护区内5种群落(秋茄(Kandelia obovata)–桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)群落、秋茄群落、秋茄–白骨壤(Avicennia marina)群落、白骨壤群落和人工林)进行生态监测, 同步对叶片功能性状及沉积物的理化指标进行测定, 揭示林下老鼠簕的种群分布格局、无性繁殖扩散动态和生态策略, 阐明高淤积背景下老鼠簕种群的疯长现象, 得到如下研究结果: 1) 老鼠簕成为林下单一优势种(重要值85.38%), 分布格局为聚集型(K<0), 且均匀分布(PAI=1, C<1); 2) 老鼠簕种群的成株在1991—2011年间呈现为从无到有、先增后减的慢速扩张态势, 2011—2019年以极快的速率增长(从约0.03 株/m² 增至16.84±13.11 株/m²), 2023年密度增长趋势放缓(增至17.26±7.03 株/m²); 3) 无性繁殖是老鼠簕种群扩散的主要方式之一, 林下老鼠簕的克隆型为匍匐茎型, 克隆构型为游击型, 间隔子平均长度为41.26± 32.92 cm, 间隔子增长速率为1.29±0.66 cm/月, 体现其在面对林下弱光照生境时形成的扩展生长模式(逃避策略); 4) 在高淤积的区域, 老鼠簕扩散的生态策略从CS策略向C或 CR策略转变, 表现为更高冠层高度(株高), 且大多呈现匍匐扩展态势。研究结果可为红树林生态风险的早期预警提供数据参考。