In order to analyze the composition and distribution characteristics of potential pathogenic bacterial communities in water and sediment and provide basic data for the prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria in Hanjiang River, samples were collected from 7 monitoring sections of Hanjiang River in spring and autumn of 2014. Based on 16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology, FAPROTAX software was used to predict the pathogenic bacteria communities, 6 categories of pathogenic bacteria were identified, belonging to 6 phyla, 9 classes, 22 orders, 45 families, 105 genera. The results showed that Proteobacteria was the main component species of pathogenic bacteria community in Hanjiang River, accounting for 96.56%, Methylopumilus and Roseomonas were dominant species at the genus level. Diversity analysis showed that pathogens were more abundant in sediment than those in surface water, and there were more apparent differences between different seasons in the plankton community. Environmental factorsrelated analysis indicated that benthic communities were more sensitive to environmental factors. Zero model analysis revealed that random processes dominated the establishment ofpathogenic bacteria communities in surface water and sediment. In summary, high-throughput sequencing technology can comprehensively and deeply present microbial community information and has great potential in the detection of pathogenic bacteria. 

为探究水体和沉积物潜在致病性细菌群落的物种组成及其分布特征, 为汉江致病菌防控提供基础数据, 于2014年春、秋两季, 在汉江6个监测断面进行样品采集。基于16S rRNA Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术, 利用FAPROTAX软件, 对细菌群落进行致病性功能预测, 共识别出6类致病菌, 隶属6门9纲22目45科105属。研究结果显示, 变形菌门是汉江致病菌群落的主要组成物种, 占比高达96.56%, Methylopumilus和Roseomonas是属水平的优势物种。多样性分析结果表明沉积物中致病菌比水体中更丰富, 浮游群落随季节的变化更显著。环境因子相关性分析结果指示底栖群落对环境因子变化更敏感。零模型分析结果揭示随机过程主导水体和沉积物致病菌群落的构建。