Based on the synchronized data of monthly average water temperature and air temperature at Chenglingji Station of Dongting Lake from 1991 to 2019, the intra-annual variations, the interannual variation trends, the periodicity characteristics of water temperature and air temperature were investigated by using the linear trend analysis and the wavelet analysis methods, and the response of water temperature changes to air temperature, precipitation, and wind speed changes was also discussed. The results showed a similar intra-annual variation pattern for the average water temperature and air temperature, which was the warming period ranged from January to August and the cooling period started from September to December. In the past 29 years, the annual average water temperature and air temperature exhibited an obvious warming trend, and increased at the rate of 0.35^oC/10a and 0.19^oC/10a, respectively. Meanwhile, the wavelet analysis revealed that average water temperature and air temperature in different seasons performed an oscillation period of 14 years. Overall, the strongest correlation between air temperature and water temperature indicated that climate change could be one of the main factors driving the variations of water temperature.

根据洞庭湖城陵矶站1991—2019年月平均水温和气温的同步资料, 基于线性趋势分析和小波分析方法, 系统地研究气温与水温的年内变化、年际变化趋势及周期性特征, 并探讨水温变化对气温、降水和风速变化的响应关系。结果表明, 多年平均水温与气温的年内变化规律相似, 1—8月为升温期, 9—12月为降温期; 近29年, 洞庭湖年平均水温和气温均呈现明显变暖的趋势, 分别以 0.35^oC/10a和0.19^oC/10a的倾向率上升。小波分析结果表明, 不同季节的平均水温和气温均存在14年时间尺度的主周期变化。整体而言, 气温与水温的相关性最强, 气候变化可能是水温变化的主要驱动因素之一。