Abstract:

Rangeland ecosystem has unique characteristics as it provides home to both extensive livestock production and thousands of herders. Thus, valuating rangeland ecosystem needs to consider the co-evolved system of grass, livestock and herders. Based on case study from Guinan County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai with semi-structured interview, field sampling and multi-stakeholder interview, the study valuates the rangeland ecosystem from a complete ecosystem perspective-“Herder-Grass-Livestock” perspective. This paper first applies a step-by-step analyzing method from “soil-grass”, “grass-livestock”, to “herder-grass-livestock” level to identify services provided by rangeland ecosystem. Based on this, the study valuates the rangeland ecosystem services in monetary value. The results show that the value of rangeland ecosystem services in the research area is 20 times higher than the one calculated by the government. The ecological value, livelihood supporting value and social value of rangeland ecosystem are much higher than economic value of livestock trading, and these important values have been neglected in the governmental statistical system. Even the valuation is limited to the value of extensive animal husbandry, it is still 1.6 times higher than the values developed by government. Therefore, as government highly promotes the establishment of the green national economy accounting system, the government needs to improve its original statistical system to encompass the whole value of rangeland ecosystem, and apply this newly calculated value as bases for ecological compensation.

Key words: rangeland ecosystem services, valuation of nature resources, “, Herder-Grass-Livestock”, perspective, extensive livestock production

摘要：

通过在青海省海南藏族自治州贵南县的案例研究, 采用半结构式访谈、问卷调查、实地采样以及多相关利益方调查相结合的方法, 以“草-畜-人”完整的社会生态系统视角, 从“土壤-草界面、草-畜界面、草- 畜-人界面”逐层递进的角度, 充分识别并分析各类草原生态系统服务功能, 并以货币化的方式对天然草原生态系统服务功能进行价值评估。结果表明: 案例地的天然草原生态系统服务功能价值是现有政府统计价值的20倍, 天然草原生态系统的生态价值、提供牧民物质资料的生计价值以及社会价值是比牲畜交易的商品价值更为重要的部分, 也是传统的政府经济统计体系所忽略的部分。即使只限于畜牧业的价值, 案例地天然畜牧业的价值仍为政府统计牲畜价值的1.6倍。因此, 在国家推进绿色经济核算体系的背景下, 政府应改善其原有的统计体系, 更好地反映天然草原生态系统的价值, 并作为草原生态补偿核算的重要依据。

关键词: 草原生态系统服务, 自然资源价值评估, “, 草-畜-人”, 视角, 天然放牧畜牧业