Abstract:

RANS approach is adopted to perform an investigation on aerodynamic characteristics of high speed trains in crosswind conditions. Both the flow structures and aerodynamic loads are analyzed in detail. Results reveal that abundant flow phenomena could be observed on the streamlined head and affected by the yaw angles of the incoming flow. Detached vortices can be found on the leeward side of train, which origin from the bottom of the streamlined head and develop along the train body and gets far away from the train body. The first car of the whole train owns the worst aerodynamic circumstance. As the yaw angle grows, the side force and the overturning moment of the first car gradually grow bigger, and the running circumstance of the train becomes worse.

Key words: crosswind effect, long-grouped high speed train, turbulence model, side force, overturning moment

摘要：

采用定常RANS方法, 对长大编组高速列车的横风气动特性进行分析, 从流场特性和气动力特性两个方面开展研究。结果表明, 横风条件下, 列车表面流动现象非常丰富, 列车首尾流线型存在较多流动分离、再附等现象, 且受横风侧偏角影响较大。在列车背风侧出现两个以上的复杂分离涡系, 从列车头车下部开始, 向列车下游发展并逐渐远离列车车体。分离涡系是列车承受非定常气动力的根源。列车头车是侧向力、滚转力矩最严峻的车厢, 且随着横风侧偏角增大, 侧向力、滚转力矩逐渐增大, 列车行车环境逐渐恶化。

关键词: 横风效应, 长大编组高速列车, 湍流模式, 侧向力, 滚转力矩