Abstract: The authors present EmBIOS, a compatible BIOS design for embedded system to support desktop OS such as MS Windows. To effectively achieve OS compatiblity, a simulator BIOS which could boot desktop OS in simulator environment is divided into multiple interrupt service routines. Then by extending and transplanting interrupt service routines to traditional embedded firmware environment, EmBIOS enables initialization of embedded system with existing firmware, and provides BIOS compatibility required by desktop OS. The functional correctness and OS compatibility are guaranteed through running windows and its typical applications on PKUnity86 FPGA and silicon. Experimental results demonstrate that the portability of EmBIOS design and its acceptable boot up performance compared with a commercial embedded BIOS.

Key words: embedded system, basic input/output system (BIOS), MS Windows, firmware

摘要： 提出一种兼容工业规范的嵌入式BIOS设计EmBIOS, 支持嵌入式系统运行MS Windows等操作系统。以中断服务为单位, 对全系统模拟器BIOS进行划分可得到中断服务例程集。将中断服务例程集扩展、移植到传统嵌入式固件环境, EmBIOS既能利用现有嵌入式固件初始化系统, 又可提供桌面操作系统所需中断服务。EmBIOS正确性和兼容性在PKUnity86 FPGA原型系统中通过运行典型操作系统及应用软件得到了验证, 并应用于真实芯片系统。实验表明, EmBIOS具备可移植性, 并能提供与商业BIOS相当的启动速度。

关键词: 基本输入输出系统, MSWindows, 固件, 嵌入式系统