Through the extraction and analysis of Landsat 5, 7 and 8 long time series remote sensing image data, the practical single channel algorithm was used to invert the monthly long series water temperature data set of the Yangtze River Estuary from 1997 to 2016. Meanwhile, based on the global runoff data, the annual monthly mean heat flux at the Yangtze River Estuary during the same period was calculated. The temporal and spatial variations and response characteristics to climate change and human thermal emission were analyzed. On this basis, combined with the global ocean surface temperature data and the Copernicus global ocean color and biogeochemical data set, the influence of the heat flux change from the Yangtze River to the sea on the offshore water temperature and the offshore ecological environment was explored. The results show that the total heat flux in the Yangtze River Estuary is 77.5 EJ per year, and the seasonal variation of heat flux is obvious. The heat flux mainly used for heat transport to the coastal area is significantly higher than that in other typical river systems, and the average annual heat input to the coastal area is estimated to be 6.1 EJ, and the warming effect is obvious. Compared with the coastal zone, the influence of the Yangtze River Estuary on the temperature of the coastal waters is greater and the influence on the spatial range is further. The spatial influence on offshore water temperature can be divided into two gradients, namely, the riverine strong influence zone with decreasing temperature (0–40 km) and the ocean strong influence zone with increasing temperature (more than 40 km). From 1997 to 2016, the temperature of the coastal waters of the Yangtze River Estuary as a whole increased first and then decreased. Further analysis shows that the heat flux change in the Yangtze River Estuary has a profound effect on the offshore water temperature (R²=0.7495), and is closely related to the offshore primary productivity (R²=0.9651), indicating that the heat input from the Yangtze River to the offshore water is an important factor regulating the offshore thermal environment and ecological environment. 

通过对陆地卫星Landsat 5, 7, 8长时间序列遥感影像资料的提取和分析, 采用实用单通道算法反演1997—2016年长江入海口逐月的长序列水温数据集, 同时基于全球径流数据, 核算同期长江河口处的多年月均热通量, 分析其时空变化规律及对气候变化和人类热排放的响应特征。在此基础上, 结合全球海洋表面温度数据和哥白尼全球海洋颜色与生物–地球–化学数据集, 探究长江入海热通量变化对近海水温和近海生态环境的影响。结果表明, 长江河口热通量总值为77.5 EJ/年, 热通量的季节性变化明显, 对近海的热作用以输“热”为主, 显著强于其他典型大河系统, 预计年均向近海输入6.1 EJ的热量, 增温效应明显。相较海岸带, 长江口对近海水域温度的影响程度更大, 影响的空间范围更远。可将近海水温的空间影响划分为两个梯度, 即温度下降的河流强作用带(0~40 km)以及温度上升的海洋强作用带(40 km以上)。1997—2016年间, 长江口的近海水域温度整体上呈现先增后减的变化规律。进一步的分析表明, 长江河口热通量的变化对近海水温产生深刻影响(R²=0.7495), 同时与近海初级生产力密切相关(R²=0.9651), 说明长江对近海的热输入是调控近海热环境和生态环境的重要因素。