This paper reviews the progress of traditional carbon and oxygen isotope research of lacustrine carbonate and emerging clumped isotope research in recent years, summarizes their influencing mechanisms and applications in geological research, and discusses the problems in existing research. The oxygen isotope composition of lacustrine carbonates is less affected by temperature, which is mainly related to the evaporation and precipitation of lake water. The carbon isotope composition is jointly controlled by the evaporation and salinization of lake water and the interaction between organic matter and inorganic matter. The clumped isotope is only affected by the single factor of temperature and is a good carbonate thermometer. The paper points out two major directions for the study of carbon and oxygen isotopes of lacustrine carbonate: one is to solve the problems existing in the theoretical study of clumped isotopes, especially the resetting mechanism of clumped isotope temperature during burial; and the other is to combine traditional carbon and oxygen isotopes with emerging clumped isotope for comprehensive analysis of multi-index geochemistry, which can effectively resolve their limitation in geology research.

总结近年来传统碳、氧同位素及新兴团簇同位素在湖相碳酸盐中的研究进展, 梳理湖相环境中碳酸盐同位素组成变化的影响因素及两种同位素方法在地质研究中的应用, 探讨当前研究中存在的问题。湖相碳酸盐氧同位素组成受温度的影响较小, 主要与湖盆水体的蒸发量和大气降水量有关, 碳同位素组成则受湖水蒸发咸化作用以及湖泊有机质与无机质相互作用的共同控制; 团簇同位素仅受温度单一因素的影响, 是良好的碳酸盐温度计。指出湖相碳酸盐碳、氧同位素研究的两大方向: 一是解决团簇同位素理论研究中存在的问题, 尤其是埋藏改造过程中团簇同位素温度的重置机理; 二是将传统的碳、氧同位素指标与新兴的团簇同位素指标相结合, 进行多指标的地球化学综合分析, 有效地避免二者在地质研究中的局限性。