The efficiency of carbon emissions of 30 provincial regions (Tibet Autonomous Region and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are not included) in China from 2007 to 2016 was studied by using SE-SBM model, and the factors that influence the efficiency were analyzed by using Tobit model. The conclusions are as follows. Since 2007, China’s efficiency of carbon emissions has slightly decreased, and slightly improved after 2015, while the regional difference is obvious, and Beijing is the most efficient region. At the four region, eastern area has the high-test level, and it has significant difference compared with western area which has the lowest level in carbon emission efficiency level. However, the efficiency of carbon emissions of western area has been gradually increasing in recent years, and it has the trend of matching the central and northeastern regions’ efficiency of carbon emissions. By Tobit regression analysis, the results show that government interventions, energy intensity, level of opening-up, energy structure and technical level have an impact on the efficiency of carbon emissions. At last, the paper suggests that government should allocate carbon emissions targets with considering the differences in regional industrial structure and the level of economic development, improve opening-up structure and upgrade energy structure.

利用超效率SBM模型, 对中国30个省级行政区(未包含西藏自治区和港澳台地区) 2007—2016年的碳排放效率进行实证分析, 并运用 Tobit 模型探究影响碳排放效率的因素。结果表明, 省际碳排放效率分布不均衡, 北京的碳排放效率居全国首位。全国整体碳排放效率自2007年起小幅度下降, 2015年后略有提升。从四大区域来看, 居碳排放效率值首位的东部地区与末位的西部地区差距显著, 但西部地区的碳排放效率近几年逐渐提高, 有赶超中部和东北部地区的趋势。通过回归模型分析, 发现政府干预、能源强度、对外开放水平、能源结构和科技水平均对碳排放效率产生影响。因此, 建议政府结合区域间产业结构的不同和经济发展水平的差异, 针对不同地区分配碳排放目标, 优化对外开放结构, 促进能源结构升级。