Abstract:

After reviewing some current common ecosystem service classification systems, it is found that current classification systems were not able to reflect the fact of different ecosystem types often produce different services due to their unique components, structures and environments. The authors used ecosystem components to create a new ecosystem service classification system based on transmission medium. Ecosystem services are classified into water-transmitted, rock and soil-transmitted, air-transmitted, organism-transmitted and whole ecosystemtransmitted services. Some water-transmitted services include water yield, water purifying, water regulation etc.; rock and soil-transmitted services include soil retention, soil formation, geologic hazard prevention etc.; airtransmitted services include carbon sequestration, air purifying, climate regulation etc.; organism-transmitted services include food production, pollination, pest bio-control etc.; last but not least, whole ecosystem-transmitted services include aesthetic information, recreation, education etc. The proposed classification system may help differentiating services provided by different ecosystem types and identifying some common services provided by the same ecosystem type.

Key words: ecosystem services classification, transmission medium, service cascade

摘要：

通过总结已有的生态系统服务分类体系, 发现大多数研究未考虑不同生态系统(如森林、草原、湖泊、溪流等)的组分、结构以及所处环境的差异, 无法有效地反映不同生态系统产生的不同生态过程与服务。以生态系统的组成成分为媒介, 从服务传递媒介角度建立以水、岩石和土壤、大气、生物系统及生态系统整体为媒介的生态系统服务分类体系。以水为媒介的服务有水源涵养和水质净化等, 以岩石和土壤为媒介的服务有土壤形成和土壤保持等, 以大气为媒介的服务有固碳释氧和空气净化等, 以生物为媒介的服务有食物生产和生物控制等, 基于生态系统整体作为媒介的服务有景观美学和休闲娱乐等。以期用此生态系统服务分类框架更有效地研究不同类型生态系统提供的服务特征, 以及相同类型生态系统提供的服务共同点。

关键词: 生态系统服务分类, 传递媒介, 服务级联