The current study aimed to examine the influence of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) on emotional disturbance through coping. Further, the buffering effect of mindfulness on the relationship between IU and emotional disturbance was explored. Data were collected through online survey method, and mediation and moderation analyses were performed. Study 1 examined how different sets of coping responses mediated the relationship between IU and emotional disturbance. Study 2 replicated the analysis performed in study 1 and further examined the moderating effect of mindfulness on the association between IU and coping/emotion disturbance. Results showed that IU led to an increased use of maladaptive coping responses, a decreased use of a subset of adaptive coping responses, and an increased use of support seeking responses. The former two exacerbated emotional disturbance, while support seeking ameliorated emotional problems. The current study did not find significant moderating effect of mindfulness on the relationship between IU and coping. Mindfulness moderated the direct effect of IU on emotional disturbance: as the level of mindfulness increased, the magnitude of the effect of IU on emotional disturbance decreased. The current study shed light on the mechanisms underlying the association between IU and emotional disturbance. Further, the protective effect of mindfulness was established, which may enlighten the development of interventions targeting IU.