北京大学学报自然科学版 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 106-112.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2021.098

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汉语近义词辨析知识库构建研究

李娟   

  1. 北京大学中国语言文学系, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-09 修回日期:2021-08-15 出版日期:2022-01-20 发布日期:2022-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 李娟, E-mail: lijuan0_0(at)pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技创新2030—“新一代人工智能”重大项目(2020AAA0106701)资助

A study on the Construction of Chinese Near-Synonyms Knowledge Base

LI Juan#br#   

  1. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Peking University, Beijing 100871
  • Received:2021-06-09 Revised:2021-08-15 Online:2022-01-20 Published:2022-01-20
  • Contact: LI Juan, E-mail: lijuan0_0(at)pku.edu.cn

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摘要：

现有近义词辨析词典往往忽略近义词的细微用法, 缺乏对近义词的句法分布、语义特征、组合限制及使用模板的细致描述。针对该问题, 基于真实语料, 以搭配为载体, 以词与词之间的关系为手段, 构建了一个近义词辨析知识库, 为近义词提供用法和语境知识, 包括近义词的搭配词及搭配关系、搭配频率以及近义词在语料库中的句法分布信息、语义特征、语境中的例句等。该知识库用可视化方式呈现近义词的搭配词和近义词的句法、语义和用法知识, 表示更加直观, 对汉语二语学习者更友好。

关键词: 近义词辨析, 中文国际教育, 词汇知识库

Abstract:

Near-synonyms discrimination dictionaries often overlook the nuances of near-synonyms, and lack of detailed description of the knowledge of syntactic distribution, semantic characteristics, combination restrictions and usage templates of near-synonyms. The author constructs a knowledge base of near-synonyms based on corpus, which takes collocation as the carrier and the relationship between words as the means to provide rich usage and context knowledge for near-synonyms discrimination. The proposed knowledge base contains usage information: collocation, collocational relationship, collocational frequency, distributional information, semantic features, example sentences, etc. The knowledge of syntax, semantics, and usage of near-synonyms are presented in a visual way, so it is more intuitive and more friendly to Chinese second language learners.

Key words: near-synonym discrimination, Chinese international education, vocabulary knowledge base

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