北京大学学报自然科学版 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (4): 654-662.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2019.049

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南大西洋被动陆缘沉积物厚度特征与分段对比

潘相茹1,2, 李江海1,2,†, 陶崇智3, 章雨1,2, 杨梦莲1,2   

  1. 1. 造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室, 北京大学地球与空间科学学院, 北京100871 2. 北京大学石油与天然气研究中心, 北京100871 3. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京100083
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-20 修回日期:2019-04-27 出版日期:2019-07-20 发布日期:2019-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 李江海, E-mail: jhli(at)pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05033-001-001)资助

Sedimentary Characteristics and Tectonic Segmentation of the Passive Continental Margin of the South Atlantic Ocean

PAN Xiangru1,2, LI Jianghai1,2,†, TAO Chongzhi3, ZHANG Yu1,2, YANG Menglian1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution (MOE), School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871 2. Institute of Oil and Gas, Peking University, Beijing 100871 3. Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute, Beijing 100083
  • Received:2018-06-20 Revised:2019-04-27 Online:2019-07-20 Published:2019-07-20
  • Contact: LI Jianghai, E-mail: jhli(at)pku.edu.cn

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摘要：

基于美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)发布的最新全球沉积物厚度数据, 综合利用被动陆缘盆地、洋底高原和转换断层等地质信息, 识别南大西洋七大沉积中心。南大西洋沉积物厚度整体上呈西厚东薄、北厚南薄的趋势, 按陆缘及盆地特征, 将大西洋两岸盆地从北到南划分为4段: 赤道段、中段、南段和福克兰段, 其中被动陆缘盆地主要分布在前3段。赤道段盆地主要受转换断层控制, 发育三叠系蒸发岩; 中段盆地发育阿普第阶盐沉积, 是油气勘探的重点区域; 南段受火山活动的影响, 以发育向海倾斜反射体为主要特征。

关键词: 南大西洋, 被动陆缘, 分段性, 沉积物厚度, 盆地特征

Abstract:

Seven major sediment centers were recognized based on the Total Sediment Thickness of the World’s Oceans and Marginal Seas (NCEI, NOAA), integrated with the research on the passive margin basins, oceanic plateaus, main transform faults. It could be revealed that the western and the northern parts of the South Atlantic Ocean have much thicker sedimentary than the eastern and the southern parts. The nature of sedimentary and tectonic of the passive continental margin and passive continental margin basins were discussed in four segments of South Atlantic Ocean Margin: equatorial segment, central segment, southern segment and Falkland segment. The Equatorial segment was controlled by large transform faults, where the Triassic salt layer developed. The Aptian salt layer was found in the Central segment, which was the key area of oil and gas exploration. Volcanism deeply influenced the Southern segment with the Seaward Dipping Reflectors.

Key words: the South Atlantic Ocean, passive continental margin, tectonic segmentation, sediment thickness; sedimentary characteristics

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