华南上扬子区奥陶纪特马豆克阶的海平面变化

doi:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2016.123

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在较为精细的生物地层学研究基础上, 对位于华南上扬子区 4 条剖面的沉积相组合以及沉积相序列进行分析, 建立上扬子区特马豆克期高分辨率相对海平面变化曲线。识别出 10 个沉积相, 划分出 3 个沉积相组合, 分别沉积于浅潮下带、深潮下带和页岩盆地带; 识别出 5 次重要的海侵事件, 分别发生在 TS.1a 早期、TS.1a 晚期、TS.1c 早期、TS.1c 晚期和TS.1d 晚期, 其中 TS.1c 早期的海侵为特马豆克期最大海侵事件。通过与其他板块海平面变化曲线的对比, 发现上扬子区海平面变化主要受全球海平面变化的控制。

关键词: 特马豆克, 上扬子区, 海平面变化

Abstract:

Four Tremadocianian sections of the Upper Yangtze Region of South China are intensively studied for biostratigraphical division and correlation. Based on the analysis of lithofacies, lithofacies associations, and facies successions, the detailed sea level curves of Tremadocian are revealed. Ten lithofacies which are grouped into three lithofacies associations deposited in the shallow subtidal, deep subtidal and shale basin zones. At least five major transgression events are recognized from each section in early TS.1a, late TS.1a, early TS.1c, late TS.1c and late TS.1d. The most major transgression event occurred in early TS.1c. Compared with other paleoplates, eustatic sea level changes might be the major controlling factor for the sea level fluctuations of the Upper Yangtze Region of South China.

Key words: Tremadocian, Upper Yangtze Region, sea level changes

中图分类号:

P539

孙永超, 刘建波. 华南上扬子区奥陶纪特马豆克阶的海平面变化[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2017, 53(1): 66-80.

Yongchao SUN, Jianbo LIU. Sea-Level Fluctuations in the Tremadocian of the Ordovician in the Upper Yangtze Region of South China[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2017, 53(1): 66-80.

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链接本文: https://xbna.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.13209/j.0479-8023.2016.123

https://xbna.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2017/V53/I1/66

图/表 10

图1 扬子区早奥陶世特马豆克期岩石地层分布和研究剖面位置(修改自文献[6])

Fig. 1 Paleogeographic map of the Yangtze Platform during Tremadocianian and localities of the studied sections are indexed (after Ref. [6])

图2 上扬子区特马豆克期沉积相和沉积相组合野外照片(a) 白云岩夹黄绿色页岩, 吼滩剖面桐梓组下部; (b) 纹层状白云岩, 吼滩剖面桐梓组中部; (c) 交错层理, 黄花场剖面西陵峡组上部; (d) 中厚层亮晶颗粒灰岩, 南津关组下部; (e) 灰岩夹灰黑色页岩, 分乡组底部; (f) 叠层石微生物礁, 温塘剖面南津关组下部。比例尺: 地质锤长28 cm, 签字笔长14 cm, 白色记号笔长12 cm

Fig. 2 Field views of the lithofacies and lithofacies associations of the Tremadocian on the Upper Yangtze Region

图3 各研究剖面特马豆克期地层的划分和对比

Fig. 3 Biostratigraphic framework of the Tremadocian at the studied sections

图4 上扬子区特马豆克期光面和岩石薄片照片(a) 泥晶灰岩, 单偏光, 黄花场剖面南津关组; (b) 纹层状白云岩, 光面, 吼滩剖面桐梓组; (c) 含生屑泥晶灰岩, 单偏光, 古洞口剖面南津关组, 红色箭头所指为三叶虫碎片; (d) 亮晶鲕粒灰岩, 光面, 古洞口剖面南津关组; (e) 扁平砾屑灰岩, 光面, 黄花场剖面南津关组; (f) 生物礁, 光面, 温塘剖面南津关组

Fig. 4 Photographs of slabs and thin-sections of the Tremadocian on the Upper Yangtze Region

图5 上扬子区特马豆克期沉积构造照片(a) 火焰状构造, 吼滩剖面桐梓组中部; (b) 水平层理, 黄花场剖面南津关组上部; (c) 透镜体构造发育, 古洞口剖面分乡组中下部; (d) 冲刷面构造发育(红色虚线所示), 吼滩剖面桐梓组中下部; (e) 生物扰动构造发育, 温塘剖面南津关组下部; (f) 交错层理, 吼滩剖面桐梓组中部

Fig. 5 Photographs of sedimentary structures of the Tremadocian on the Upper Yangtze Region

图6 上扬子区特马豆克期岩石薄片照片(a) 白云岩, 单偏光, 黄花场剖面南津关组; (b) 生屑泥晶灰岩, 单偏光, 吼滩桐梓组; (c) 泥晶生屑灰岩, 单偏光, 古洞口剖面南津关组; (d) 亮晶含生屑似球粒灰岩, 单偏光, 古洞口剖面南津关组; (e) 亮晶生屑灰岩, 单偏光, 温塘剖面南津关组; (f) 亮晶鲕粒灰岩, 单偏光, 吼滩剖面南津关组, 黄色箭头所指为作为鲕粒核心的棘皮类碎片

Fig. 6 Photographs of thin-sections of the Tremadocian on the Upper Yangtze Region

图7 沉积相组合在碳酸盐缓坡分布的综合模式

Fig. 7 Sedimentary model for lithofacies distribution on a carbonate ramp

图8 上扬子区特马豆克期沉积相变化和相对海平面波动

Fig. 8 Lithofacies changes and relative sea-level fluctuations in the Tremadocian on the Upper Yangtze Region

图9 上扬子区特马豆克期相对海平面变化 T: 海侵(海平面上升); R: 海退(海平面下降)。各剖面的相对海平面变化是将图8的曲线按照时间(生物带)为单位绘制

Fig. 9 Relative sea-level fluctuations in the Tremadocianon the Upper Yangtze Region

图10 特马豆克期上扬子区海平面变化与其他陆块海平面变化曲线的比较 T: 海侵(海平面上升); R: 海退(海平面下降)

Fig. 10 Comparison of the Tremadocian relative sea-level fluctuations between the Upper Yangtze Region and other paleoplates

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