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Table of Content

    20 July 1998, Volume 34 Issue 4
    Optimization Calculation of the Roof Thickness for 15MeV X-Ray Linear Accelerator
    LI Xinghong
    1998, 34(4):  453-460. 
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    Presents a methods for calculation of the thickness of a concrete roof for shielding the angularity distributed X-ray radiation produced by a L-6000HRO 15MeV X-ray Linear Accelerator. The required roof thickness was found to be 31cm in order to ensure the dose equivalent rate to be 0.0025mSv. h-1 at an observation point 20 m away from the machine. This radiation comes mainly from skyshine. The thickness of that concrete roof was further optimized and found to be 50 cm. The dosimetric measurements made after the accelerator building had constructed showed that the shielding design was safe and econonic, and the skyshine radiation had been decreased to a level as low as reasonably achievable.
    Study on the Composition of Pigment Gallstones
    YANG Zhanlan,WENG Shifu,WU Jinguang
    1998, 34(4):  429-434. 
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    Human pigment gallstones are complicated in both composition and structure. We examined the cross-sectional surface of three typical pigment gallstones with scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive x-ray micro-analysis and FTIR. The results demonstrate that the composition varied with the different gallstones and the different areas in the gallstone and calcium bilirubinate complex present in these gallstones exhibit non-stoichiometric character.
    Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-(2-bromophenyl)-1, 3, 3a-triphenyl-3a, 4, 5, 11-tetrahydro-3H-1, 2, 4-triazolo[4, 3-d][1, 5]benzothiazepine
    XU Jiaxi,JIN Sheng
    1998, 34(4):  442-446. 
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    Title compound has been synthesized by [2+3] cycloaddition reaction of 2-bromophenyl-4-phenyl-2, 3-dihydro-1, 5-benzothiazepine and phenyl nitrile imine and its crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction method. The single crystals belong to triclinic, space group P1 with a=0.9045(2)nm, b=1.2526(2)nm, c=1.4054(2)nm, (α) =68.08(2)o, (β)=73.70(2)o, (γ)=85.39(2)o, V=1.416(1)nm3, Z=2, Dc=1.379g.cm-3
    Comparing Core,Rim and Peripheral Composition of Intraductal Gallstones by Infrared Spectroscopy
    LIU Zhenhua,LU Jiankeng,ZHANG Jisen,HE Jiashi,PAN Xiguang,ZHOU Weiqiang,YANG Meidu,WU Chengzhong,ZUO Taili,WU Jinguang
    1998, 34(4):  415-423. 
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    Intraductal (common bile duct or intrahepatic duct) gallstones were rather prevalent in Asia and Taiwan. Comparing composition difference among central cores, rims and peripheries is help full to determine etiology in the process of stone nidation. Twenty sets of intraductal stones, including black pigment stone (n=2) and brown pigment stones (n=18), were quantitated by Infrared Spectroscopy. In brown pigment stones, 12 sets of stones presented rim structure (rim stones) with cholesterol content in 5 cases but without cholesterol in 7 cases, and other 6 stones showed muddy appearance. Comparing compositions of brown pigment intraductal rim stones, the median content of calcium bilirubinate always presents peripheries>rim>central core with or without cholesterol content (core vs. peripheries, P<0.05). The distribution of calcium palmitate shows central core>rim>peripheries in rim stones without cholesterol (core vs. peripheries, P<0.05), or in rim stones with cholesterol (core vs. peripheries P>0.05. The median cholesterol content in rim stones with cholesterol content showed central core>rim without significance (P>0.05). The same significant difference of calcium bilirubinate and palmitate contents also present between central core of rim stones and muddy stones (P<0.05). From brown pigment stones, central core contains a significantly larger amount of calcium palmitate representing bacterial infection as a major pathological factor in early nidation of stone formation. On the contrary, calcium bilirubinates always significant present in peripheries and rims of rim structure stones and muddy stones, representing bile stasis as a important factors during stone growth.
    Study on the Preparation of Silica Adsorbed Rare Earth Hydroxide and the ER Performance
    MA Shuzhen,LI Junran,XU Mingyuan,LI Shuxin
    1998, 34(4):  424-428. 
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    The silica adsorbed rare earth hydroxide [SiO2·RE(OH)3RE=La, Nd, Y] dispersed in a hydrocarbon-type oil are prepared and their ER effect under D.C.electric field are studied. A more obvious ER effect is observed in SiO2·RE(OH)3 than in SiO2 for the ER fluid density of 80.0g/L. The properties of the fluids show a significant dependence on La(OH)3, Nd(OH)3 and Y(OH)3 and their contents in fluids.
    Study on the Electronic Structure and Chemical Bonding of Eu2S and EuS2 by Means of Density Functional Theory
    LIU Wenjian,LIN Xianjie,LI Lemin
    1998, 34(4):  435-441. 
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    The electronic structure and chemical bonding of Eu2S and EuS2 have been studied by means of the density functional theory. It is shown that the Eu-S bonding mainly comes from the interaction between Eu 5d and S 3p orbitals in both molecules. The 4f orbitals are localized in essence. The contribution of the Eu atomic orbitals to the Eu-S bonding follows the order: 5d>6p>6s>4f. The characteristics of the electronic structure show that the valence of Eu is 2 both in Eu2S and EuS2, which shows that the 4f orbitals can not become the signifacant component of the bonding molecular orbitals. The covalency of the Eu-S bond is 68% in Eu2S and 57% in EuS2.
    Synthesis of New Neutral Technetium(V)-99m Phenylimido Complex
    HE Jiang,WU Yonghui,WANG Xiangyun,LIU Yuanfang
    1998, 34(4):  447-452. 
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    Reactions of 99mTcO4-,acetylphenylhydrazine (PhNHNHCOCH3), reducing agent (Sn2+, Triphenylphosphine, Tris(m-sulfophenyl) phosphine) and ligand Et2NCS2Na in CH3OH, C2H5OH and H2O solvent systems were studied. The final new product [99mTcVCl(NPh)(Et2NCS2)2] was characterized by paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography and paper electrophoresis, and also partition coefficients in cyclohexane/water and n-octanol/water systems were measured. The biodistribution of this complex was also determined, showing that the complex does not accumulate in heart, nor brain.
    Determination of Dimethyl Sulfide in Sea Water
    FANG Chen,HU Min,ZENG Limin,TANG Xiaoyan
    1998, 34(4):  461-466. 
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    The study of the determination method of dimethyl sulfide (DMS)in sea water is presented in the article. Sample treatment,sample storage, the cold trap temperature and the gas chromatography analysis method is discussed. The detection limit is 0.5 ng DMS. Precision is 7%. Concentrations of DMS in sea water near Qingdao in March, May, and October 1996 are also presented.
    Determination of Isosorbide-5-mononitrate in Human Plasma
    WANG Yonghua,HUANG Jianhua,HUANG Aijin,SUN Yiliang,CUI Huadong,HUANG Yiling
    1998, 34(4):  467-470. 
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    An improved, sensitive and precise capillary gas chromatographic method with electron capture detector has been developed for the determination of isosorbide-5-mononitrate in human plasma. 2, 4-Dinatrotoluene is used as the internal standard. The plasma is extracted with ether in sodium carbonate solution. The residue was reconstructed with methanol. The linear correlation coefficient between concentration and height ratio is better than 0.999. The recovery was found to range from 92% to 104% for three concentration levels of samples with a limit of determination 0.000005g/L and with the relative standard deviation of 8% within-day.
    Genetic Codon Table and Book of Changes "Yi-Jing"
    WANG Wenqing,ZHOU Cheng,LIU Feng,LI Lingyun,LI Yun
    1998, 34(4):  471-480. 
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    The publication of the first Gene Map of Human Genome points out the location of sixteen thousand genes. It shows that the procedure of certainty and inheritance throughout the human life is controlled by the sixty-four genetic codons, which is made up of the three choices among the four codes. Yi-Jing, is a system of sixty-four symbols, each of which is made up of the three choices among the four possible letters. It depends on the basic rule of Ying & Yang and discovers that the human life and development are controlled by the state consisting of sixty-four possibilities. Each of them has six possible changes to have it to be the procedure determined by the system of another state. The thesis introduces how to express the sequence of divination by the binary system and express the Genetic Codon Table of Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine by TaiYin, ShaoYin, ShaoYang, TaiYang. You can find that they are likely the same codon system. In the thesis, we put forward the proposal if there is the lw whose information is expressed by the sixty-four codons in the Genetic Codon Table and by the sixty-four possible states and their development. We wonder if there is the same law existing in the different matter, mental, intelligence and development. If it is true, Physics and Philosophy will be an entirety and make the scientific agreement on the whole world.
    The Induced Acquirement of the Donor-Specific Tolerance to Mice Skin Allografts
    WANG Chongqing,LI Qijing,GUAN Yinghui,PENG Gang,GUO Yaqian
    1998, 34(4):  481-487. 
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    The way to obtain the prolonged donor-specific tolerance after skin allograft must include both the specific lysis of the immunocompetent cells in the peripheral blood and lymphoid, and the induction of the recognition as self-antigen in the central immunological organ. The adult BALB/C mouse recipient was tail-vein injected with C57BL/6 donor splenocytes loaded ricin, a kind of plant toxin. The guided toxic cells selectively killed the T, Blymphocytes which could specifically recognize the allografted antigens on the surface of C57BL/6 cells. In advance, the recipient had been given C57BL/6 splenocytes via the intrathymic route to achieve clone deletion of alloreactive T cells during development. These treatments induced a donorspecific tolerance which allowed the skin grafts on the BALB/C mice to survive prolongedly without the need for further immunosuppression (mean survival time[MST]>60 days, control group's MST=5.0 days). The results of MTT colorimetric assay after one-way mixed lymphocytes co-culture provided the cellular evidence in vitro.
    Cloning of Mouse Genomic DNA Containing MT-I and MT-II Gene and the Identification of Its Restriction Map
    ZHANG Xintao,WU Heling
    1998, 34(4):  488-492. 
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    We get 4 positive clones from 680000 phages after screening 129 mouse genomic library with MT-I cDNA as a prob. The signals of two clones are much stronger. We analyze the restriction map of the insertional DNA fragments from the two clones using partial digestion and hybridization with the end primers of the DNA fragments as probs. Otherwise we confirm the position of MT-I gene in the DNA fragment. Furthermore, we find and confirm that there is MT-II gene in the two clones.
    Conductance Modulation Mechanism of Positional Discrimination on the Synapse of AP Neuron in Leech
    XIONG Weihong,ZHANG Renji
    1998, 34(4):  493-502. 
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    This paper revealed that the different strength of synapses on AP neuron can be shown by the mechanical stimulation applied on the skin surface in the neighbouring segment of a ganglion-body wall preparation in the leech Whitmania pigra. The comparisons were made (1) on the effect of receptive neuron evoked by mechanical stimuli in different annuli of the same segment, (2) on the postsynaptic effects of AP neuron evoked by the same mechanical stimuli in different annuli and (3) also in a single annulus of the segment evoked by the same stimuli in different positions. It is established that the synapses of AP neuron function in positional discrimination and integration by synaptic strength.The authors use double voltage clamp in both the pre-synaptic T neuron and the post-synaptic AP neuron in situ showed that the synaptic strength of AP neuron was modulated mainly by the different conductance of its electrical synaptic transmission. The synaptic conductance between T and AP neurons is modulated by the difference of membrane potential between T and AP neurons. By this mechanism electrical synapses of AP neuron can transform the position information of reception into the spatial discrimination of perception.
    Outer Space Information and Geographic Information Systems and Their Application
    MA Ainai
    1998, 34(4):  533-541. 
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    In 21st century, humankind is facing the information society (IS) and sustainable development(SD). It means that we are in a Coordination Development System of Man and Earth society which is an open, complex, nonlinear, dynamics and super-system. This paper discusses outer space information and geographic information network system and their application to the sustainable development information society. There are three parts in it which are as follows: (1) Outer space and geographic information network systems. The outer space information is including Remote Sensing Systems(RSS), Data Collected Systems(DCS), Position Satellites Systems(PSS), and Satellites Communication Systems(SCS). The grographic information is including Geographical Information System(GIS), Geographical Expert System(GES), Management Information System(MIS), and Decision Support System(DSS). The network system is as shown in figure 1. There are 4 levels which are technicians, experts, managers and decision makers levels in the network system. (2) Information society of sustainable development strategy. The population is growing up more and more in the world, nowadays it is more than 5.84 billions(1997). But the earth could not be increased. There is about 0.148 billions sq km land on the earth surface. It is about 40 persons/sq.km on average. On the earth surface the land, resources and environment are all limited quantity. Human is facing non sustainable development. The Man and the Earth System(MES) is an interweaving system of humansphere(society) and an earthsphere(nature) subsystems. Both subsystems have input and output to and from each other. There are 5 limited conditions to the input and output for both humansphere and earthsphere. See formulae (2)-(6). Author has advanced the Coordination Development System of Man and Earth. Using outer space information and geographic information network systems could be monitoring and controlling the Man and Earth System. (3) Infomation models for coordination development system of man and earth. There are many kinds of information models in the outer space and geographic information network systems. At least there are 4 kinds: such as remote sensing information models(RSIMs), geographic information ceded models(GICMs), management information models(MIMs), and decision support information models(DSIMs).
    Exchange of Lunar Calendar and Solar Calendar
    ZHANG Jiaji
    1998, 34(4):  542-548. 
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    Applying tropical year and lunation, the exchange formula of lunar calendar and solar calendar could be derived. It begins from a given lunar date. Through several integer tropical years, the present solar date can be derived. There are three different formulas for this. On the contrary, there are another three different formulas for the exchange from solar date to lunar date in this paper.
    Screening Recombinant AcNPV with Methods of Limited Dilution
    ZHONG Jin,HU Meihao
    1998, 34(4):  549-553. 
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    Viral supernatant of co-transfected sf9 cells is diluted to make cells infected by a single recombinant virus. Because only the recombinant virus express fibrinolysis-active products, it can be screened by measuring activity of medium of transfected sf9 cells. After two turns of screening, we isolated the pure recombinant virus. Compared with the plaque assay usually used in Baculovirus expression system, this method is more convenient and efficient.
    Time Characteristics of Tectonic Evolution
    WANG Jianjun,QIAN Xianglin
    1998, 34(4):  554-562. 
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    The implication of tectonic cycle in terms of plate tectonics theory is totally different from the one in early knowledge, which laid stress on uncomformity. The picture of tectonics evolution that emerges from the orogeny history study of the Phanerozoic Tethyside system and Precambrian block in Asia is one of a harmony. The continent crust demonstrated an original character of plate tectonics in the earth's early stage. The co-orogeny and post-orogeny deforming show a continuous character. Large-scale strike-slip faults play significant roles in course of tectonic evolution, since they regulate the gradual tectonic progress, and which is identified obviously in Northwest China and Tethyside system. Examining the matter from the view of global tectonics, the concept of orogenic episode is unavailable. The orogeny event, such as Caledonian, Hercynian, and Alpine cycle can't be viewed as a dependent phase in geological succession, since the latter is a continuous one.
    REE Geochemistry of Xiaokouhuaying Silver-Manganese Deposit in Hebei Province
    GUO Guangjun,WANG Shiqi
    1998, 34(4):  510-518. 
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    Xiaokouhuaying silver-manganese deposit, which exists in the volcanic rock of late Jurassic and relates to the granite-porphyry intruded the volcanic rocks, is a typical low temperature epithermal vein-type deposit. The vein, volcanic rock and granite-porphyry all enrich LREE. The REE distribution pattern of volcanic rock is similar to that of granite-porphyry, and the REE distribution pattern of vein is different from that of volcanic rock and granite-porphyry in obviously positive Ce and Eu anomalies and lower extent of HREE enrichment comparing with both of them. The search of the REE pattern illustrates that both volcanic rock and granite-porphyry have a common source. The fractionation of REE occurring in the REE migration and deposition, which due to the leaching and circulation of meteoric water in the volcanic rocks and granite-porphyries, might account for the obvious difference of the REE pattern of the volcanic rocks and granite-porphyry. Comparing with home-rock, the ore-forming hydrothermal solution is rich in Ce, Eu, Y and HREE. The deposited hydrothermal minerals are richer in Ce and Eu than the solution,and a second fractionation between HREE and LREE occurs during the process of minerals deposition.
    The Origin of the Bohai Bay Basin
    HOU Guiting,QIAN Xianglin,SONG Xinmin
    1998, 34(4):  503-509. 
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    The origin model of Bohai Bay basin is proposed on the basis of analyzing the boundary pattern, strike-slip and extensional structures, deposit and deep geology characteristic on the boundary and in the basin. Bohai Bay basin can be classified into three tectonic belts(or areas): two strike-slip tectonic belts on eastern boundary and western boundary and a central pull-apart extensional area. According to the analysis of Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic evolution, Bohai Bay basin is a strike-slip pull-apart basin formed in the Cenozoic Eocene epoch. The extensional structures developed in the central Bohai Bay basin are induced by strike slip. The eastern and western strike-slip tectonic belts are basic geological conditions to form the Cenozoic Bohai Bay strike-slip pull-apart basin.
    Stages of Cenozoic Tectonic Movement in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province
    TAN Lihua,YANG Jingchun,DUAN Fengjun
    1998, 34(4):  523-532. 
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    Hexi corridor, located on the northern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau, is one of the most typical regions of compressional tectonic basins in northwest China. Accompanying the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau since the late Paleogene, the four basins of the corridor began subsiding and accepting deposits. Since then, at least seven tectonic movement stages can be identified. According to the results of absolute dating(includes ESR, TL and IRSL dates) and relative dating(includes rock-weathering rinds and palaeomagnetic stratigraphy) of Cenozoic strata and landforms, the seven movements occurred at about 37.7, 30.3-29.5, 24.5-22.2, 4.66, 2.47-2.23, 1.95-1.48 and 0.80Ma-present, each of them represented by uncomformity and deformation of strata, active folding and faulting, and geomorphic evolution. The first tectonic movement stage took place at the beginning of Oligocene after a long period of erosion and denudation since the late Cretaceous. The forth stage, characterized by the preliminary accumulation of gloomy conglomerate (Yumen formation), is the turning point of Cenozoic tectonic movement as the intensity of tectonic activity became obviously stronger. It is in the latest stage that the main part of modern landform evolved. Some important morphologic units, including piedmont platform, transverse uplifts and northern mountains, generated or strongly deformed and uplifted in the stage. On the other hand, less deform tracks can be found in strata. Further divisions are made in order to avoid that the interval time between two neighbouring movements became shorter and shorter as time passed because latelyformed records preserved better. For example, mainly according to the luminescence ages of river terraces, at least five tectonic substages can be identified during the latest stage. They tarted at about 800, 350, 250, 150 and 40ka respectively. Furthermore, in the tectonic substage started from 150ka, four tectonic events, which took place at 145, 110, 90 and 70ka respectively, can be identified, and in the last substage, three tectonic events(40, 30 and 10ka) can be identified.
    Formation Mechanism of the Lanaslide-type Debris Flow
    LI Shude
    1998, 34(4):  519-522. 
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    The landslide-type debris flow is a special motion type of energy conversion body and represents a sudden sliding flowing deposition due to quick conversion of potential energy of a landslide body into violent kinetic energy. It consists of two stages developed in the process of continuous mass movement, deffevs from the general landslide and debris flow, and hence, has the features of the both landslide and debris flow. It is characterized by high velocity, strong striking force and severe destruction. It is of significance to study this kind of debris flow in theoretical and practical aspect.