Abstract:

Based on environmental input-output analysis, the authors try to identify the impetus of Chinese household consumption of carbon emissions in structural path analysis (SPA). The results indicate that, in 2012, most of the carbon emissions of Chinese household are indirect emissions, mainly from power, services, agriculture, food, wholesale and retail, transportation, postal. Carbons emissions from fertilizer and pesticide production in chemistry contribute a lot to the agricultural sector, therefore agricultural policies should properly limit the use of those chemical productions to reduce the emission. In addition, the difference of the income and consumption structure between urban and rural residents is the key factors which lead to the gap between of their carbon emission.

Key words: environmental input-output analysis, structural path analysis, household consumption, carbon emissions

摘要：

在投入产出法的基础上, 采用结构路径分析的方法, 研究2012年中国城乡居民消费对碳排放的拉动作用。结果显示, 2012年城乡居民消费碳排放以间接排放为主, 拉动作用靠前的路径有电力、热力生产和供应业, 其他服务业, 农、林、牧、渔、水利业, 食品制造业, 批发、零售业和住宿餐饮业, 交通运输、仓储和邮政业。由于使用化肥、农药和饲料造成农业的碳排放较为突出, 所以农业政策应合理地限制这类化学制品的使用, 以期减少“化学原料和化学制品制造业”部门因制造化肥农药所排放的CO₂。研究结果还表明, 收入水平及消费结构的差异是造成城乡居民消费碳排放量的重要因素。

关键词: 环境投入产出分析, 结构路径分析, 城乡居民消费, 碳排放