引种到我国的蓝桉与原产澳洲的蓝桉木材生态解剖学研究

北京大学学报（自然科学版）

引种到我国的蓝桉与原产澳洲的蓝桉木材生态解剖学研究

王昌命¹,张新英¹,姜天云²,周朝鼎²

¹北京大学生命科学学院，北京，100871；²云南省弥勒县林业局，云南，652300

收稿日期:1994-03-15 出版日期:1995-07-20 发布日期:1995-07-20

The Comparative Wood Anatomy of Eucalyptus Globulus Introduced into China and Native of Australia

WANG Changming¹, ZHANG Xinying¹, JIANG Tianyun², ZHOU Chaoding²

¹College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871; ²Mile County Forestry Bureau, Yunnan, 652300

Received:1994-03-15 Online:1995-07-20 Published:1995-07-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 用光镜及扫描电镜对不同生境下的蓝桉（Eucalyptusglobulus Labill．）木材结构进行了解剖学观察，比较了原产地及引种到我国后不同生境下蓝桉木材结构的变化，其变化主要是木材组成分子数量特征的差异。引种到我国的蓝桉，导管分子长度，管胞的长度、直径，纤维管胞的长度及纤维长度均相对地增加；其它数量特征值减少；单孔率、射线高度变化不明显。生长在不同生境下的蓝桉扫描结构表明：引种到我国的蓝桉导管壁上的附物纹孔与原产澳洲蓝桉的导管壁上的附物纹孔有明显区别。本研究还从野外调查和木材生态解剖的角度初步探讨了扭曲纹理的成因、走向及纹理角度的变化，结果表明：扭曲纹理均为右旋(RH)走向，其形成主要是受风、温度和年降水量等为主的多种生态因子共同作用的结果。扭曲纹理角度随海拔的升高又增大的趋势；随纬度的增加有减少的趋势。同时对影响木材结构的多种生态因子进行了综合分析。

关键词: 不同生境, 木材解剖, 扭曲纹理, 澳洲, 蓝桉

Abstract: The wood structure of E. globulus Labill. from different habitates was observed under light and scanning electron microscope. The variation wood structure of E. globulis from different habitates and from native of Australia was the difference in the characteristics of wood constituent members, the characteristics of vessel length, the length and diameter of tracheid, fibre tracheid length and fibre length of E. globulus grown in China compared with that grown in Australia. All of these values were relatively increased, while other quantitative characteristics decreased however the variation in percentage of solitary vessel and ray height were unobvious. The vestured pits on the vessel walls of E. globulus grown in China were obviously different from those grown in Australia in SEM structure. The formation, the orientation and the angle variation of twisting grain of E. globulus grown in China were tentatively studied in field survey and laboratory of wood anatomy. The results showed that the twisting grain orientation was in right helix(RH), the formation of twisting grain mainly was subjected to the comprehensive action of wind, temperature and annual rainfall. The twisting grain angle of E. globulus was increasing with altitude and decreasing with latitude. Furthermore, the factors affecting the wood structure were comprehensively analysed.

Key words: Eucalyptus globulus Labill, different ecological habitats, wood anatomy, twisting grain, Australia

中图分类号:

Q944.5

王昌命,张新英,姜天云,周朝鼎. 引种到我国的蓝桉与原产澳洲的蓝桉木材生态解剖学研究[J]. 北京大学学报（自然科学版）.

WANG Changming,ZHANG Xinying,JIANG Tianyun,ZHOU Chaoding. The Comparative Wood Anatomy of Eucalyptus Globulus Introduced into China and Native of Australia[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis.