北京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 555-562.DOI: 10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.118

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塔里木盆地早二叠世玄武岩火山机构的三维地震解释与结构分析

高中博1, 王磊2,†, 田伟1, 弓明月1   

  1. 1. 北京大学地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871
    2. 北京大学工学院, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-02 修回日期:2017-06-05 出版日期:2018-05-20 发布日期:2018-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 王磊, E-mail: thirty_1(at)163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41702360, 41272368, 41630205)资助

3-D Seismology Interpretation and Structure Analysis of Early Permian Flood Basalt Volcanic Edifices in Tarim Basin

GAO Zhongbo1, WANG Lei2,†, TIAN Wei1, GONG Mingyue1   

  1. 1. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871
    2. College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871
  • Received:2017-03-02 Revised:2017-06-05 Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-05-20
  • Contact: WANG Lei, E-mail: thirty_1(at)163.com

摘要:

将高精度的钻孔测井数据与三维反射地震数据相结合, 对塔里木盆地中部47井区早二叠世大陆溢流玄武岩(CFB)火山机构进行三维地震解释研究。通过时间剖面层位追索和速度分析等方法, 对火山机构的形态、结构和岩性组成进行解析, 确定塔里木盆地中部47井区火山机构下方存在玄武质高波速侵入体, 其平均地震纵波速度为5800 m/s, 围岩碎屑岩的平均地震纵波速度为3500 m/s。通过计算两个标志层(二叠系?三叠系界面“P-top”和生屑灰岩顶面“BL-top”)的测井深度, 确定玄武质侵入体导致上部标志层相对于下部标志层发生了159.1 m的向上抬升, 这相当于火山机构处地层的变形抬升量。进一步利用“速度上拉”效应计算得到的玄武质侵入体总厚度为167.7 m, 与测井计算的抬升量基本上一致。研究结果表明, 塔中47火山机构的地层抬升是由于深部岩浆注入, 导致上覆地层发生“强制褶皱”而形成, 与 Karoo大火成岩省、北大西洋火成岩省等大陆溢流玄武岩在地壳浅部的就位方式一致。

关键词: 三维反射地震, 塔里木, 大陆溢流玄武岩(CFB), 火山机构, 强制褶皱

Abstract:

The volcano edifices from Tazhong-47 exploring area in the middle of Tarim basin are interpreted by 3-D seismological reflection data coupled with physical drilling well logs. Based on seismic profile interpretation and velocity analysis, the structure of the volcano edifices of continental flood basalt (CFB) are studied. The result shows that reflectors beneath the Tazhong-47 volcanic edifice are corresponding to basaltic intrusions, which have average velocity of 5800 m/s, and the clastic wall rocks have average velocity of 3500 m/s. Based on the calculation of the stratigraphical thickness between the two horizontal markers (Permian-Triassic boundary as named “P-top” and top of bioclastic limestone as named “BL-top”) at drilling well, it is found that the basaltic intrusions make the upper layer relative to the lower layer marks move the 159.1 m upward. This is equal to the uplift extent. By using the “velocity pull-up (VPU)” effect, the total thickness of the basaltic sills is calculated to be 167.7 m, which is similar to the uplift extent. This similarity suggests that the uplift at the volcanic center was the result of “forced folding” caused by the intrusion of the magma. This emplacement style is the same as that of the Karoo large igneous province and the North Atlantic igneous province.

Key words: 3-D reflection seismology, Tarim, continental flood basalt(CFB), volcanic edifice, forced folding

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