Table of Content

20 July 2004, Volume 40 Issue 4

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Primary Study on Metastasis-Related Genes of Gastric Carcinoma Using cDNA Microarray

XIE Hailong,ZHOU Xiaojun

2004, 40(4):  505-512. 

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To establish the gene expression profile of primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis, isolate and clone gastric metastasis-related genes, the changes of gene expression profile between primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis were analyzed by cDNA microarray representing approximately 10000 genes and 7000 EST. The differentially expressed genes were analyzed by bioinformaties. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and reverse northern dot blot were employed to validate the relationship between primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis. Subsequently, 601 genes that were differentially expressed in primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis were identified; 527 genes were highly expressed >2.0-fold in lymph node metastasis, 74 genes were lower expressed >2.0-fold in lymph node metastasis; 71 EST that were differentially expressed in primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis were identified, 62 EST were highly expressed >2.0-fold in lymph node metastasis,9 EST were low expressed >2.0-fold in lymph node metastasis. In lymph node metastasis, genes related to cell cycle、growth factor、cell motility and cell adhesion were highly expressed. In primary gastric carcinoma, genes related to growth signal and immune response was highly expressed. Furthermore, several genes associated with lymph node metastasis including carbonic anhydrase II and IGFBP-4 wereidentified. These results provide not only a new molecular basis for understanding biological properties of metastasis of gastric carcinoma, but also useful resources for future cloning gastric cancer metastasis-related genes.

The Extracellular Disulfide Bond Cys20-Cys269 of CCR5 is Important for Its Conformational Integrity Maintenance and Function Performance

LIU Shuqun,SUN Zhirong

2004, 40(4):  518-526. 

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The human chemokine receptor CCR5 is a major coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 strains entry into cell. Studies of site directed mutagenesis and chimeric receptors have indicated that the N terminus region of CCR5 is important for chemokines binding, viral fusion, and entry. Three-dimensional models of CCR5 were built by using homology modeling approach, a 1ns high temperature (1000K) molecular dynamics simulation and a subsequent 200ps normal temperature molecular dynamics simulation were performed for CCR5 extracellular domain. The results indicate that the extracellular segments of CCR5 form a well-packet globular domain, the disulfide bond Cys20-Cys269 is essential in keeping conformational integrity of extracellular domain and controlling specific orientation of N terminus region that involved in ligands and HIV binding. Also, this disulfide bond enhances the conformational flexibility of N terminus, makes it locate at the top surface of extracellular domain, and affords N terminus more opportunities to project into the outer space of this domain. Integration these results with available experimental data, a two-step gp120-CCR5 binding mechanism is proposed.

Effects of B7 and CD40 Costimulatory Molecules on Th1/Th2 Immune Deviation of Mice Infected with Schistosoma japonicum

LIU Shuqun,SUN Zhirong

2004, 40(4):  527-531. 

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To observe the effect of B7 and CD40 costimulatory molecules on Th1/Th2 cytokine expression levels and immune deviation in the mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum. Murine spleen lymphocyte cultures were made at 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after infection of the mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum. The cultures were incubated with anti-CD80mAb, anti-CD86mAb, anti-CD40mAb and anti-CD40LmAb for 72h. The kits of ELISA were used for the quantitative determination IFN-γ and IL-4 in the spleen lymphocyte culture medium. The results of analysis by the Th2 differentiation index that used to evaluate the immune balance of Th1/Th2 cells. The results showed that anti-CD80mAb and anti-CD86mAb can significantly inhibit the expression of IL-4 (p<0.01),and the effect of anti-CD86mAb is more significant than that of anti-CD80mAb. Anti-CD40mAb and ant-CD40LmAb can also significantly inhibit the expression of IL-4 (p<0.01), and the effect of anti-CD40mAb is more significant than that of anti-CD40LmAb. These findings suggest that the interference of costimulatory signals can modulate Th1/Th2 cytokine expression levels and immune deviation in the mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum. A novel potential approach is to control the egg granuloma formation of Schistosoma japonicumby B7 or CD40 as a mediator of Th1/Th2 immune deviation.

Research on the Platform of Coalmine Safety Information Sharing and Decision-Making on the Web

LIU Qiaoxi,MAO Shanjun,MA Ainai

2004, 40(4):  652-657. 

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Based on the analysis of coalmine safety information management and coalmine workflow, the authors set forth the concept and structure about the platform of coalmine safety information sharing and decision-making on web according to the theories on gray geographical information system and computer supported cooperative work. From the viewpoints of information sharing and collaborative work, the authors put forward gray spatial information sharing model based on dynamically correcting metadata and collaborative model about coalmine safety decision-making on web, and discuss some correlative and key technologies in realization and application of the platform according to data retrieval, data transmission, data storage, data sharing and data processing.The platform is well implemented in Zaozhuang Mining Group Company.

Research Situation and Prospect of Hydrocarbon Migration in China

LI Duoli,GUAN Ping

2004, 40(4):  658-668. 

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Hydrocarbon migration is a very important research aspect in petroleum geology and exploration. It is also a complicated problem influenced by lots of controlling factors and involves many scientific and engineering aspects. Development of hydrocarbon migration researches in China is summarized. A variety of methods such as geological, geochemical, physical, geophysical, experimental modeling, and numerical modeling areused to study the mechanisms of hydrocarbon migration in recent years. Particularly, numerical modeling has drawn extensive attention in researches. Some scholars consider other new factors which effect hydrocarbon migration, e.g. ground stress, channel and block on the pathway, phase-state of fluids, etc. Three-dimensional numerical models are developed by many researchers, including some new modeling methods such as artificial neural net work simulation, alternating-direction implicit interactive scheme, and second order splitting-up implicit interactive scheme. The authors also point out the development trends in the future.

Gene Difference Expression Between Mice and Microtus fortis Infected with Schistosoma japonicum Using cDNA Microarrays

SUN Jun,LIN Jiaojiao,CHENG Guofeng,LI Hao,SHI Yaojun,LU Ke,CAI Youmin,JIANG Hongbo

2004, 40(4):  532-537. 

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Gene difference expression of the lung tissues between of mice and Microtus fortis infected with Schistosoma japonicum for 7d, and the lung tissues and the liver tissues of Microtus fortis infected with Schistosoma japonicum for 12d were analyzed by cDNA microarrays. The results showed that serine protease inhibitor genes expression was up-regulated and immune-associated genes expression were not obviously changed in the lung tissues of mice. On the contrary, serine protease inhibitor genes expressed constantly in the lung tissues of Microtus fortis infected with Schistosoma japonicum for 7d and Several non specific immune associated genes (such as lysozyme gene and cathepsin genes) were up-regulated. At the same time, some important specific immune associated genes(such as CD74、MHCⅡ and MHCⅠ) were up-regulated. The lung tissues and liver tissues of Microtus fortis infected with Schistosoma japonicum for 12d also confirmed the results by enhancing expression of the non specific immune associated genes and specific immune associated genes. Furthermore, in the lung tissues of Microtus fortis infected with Schistosoma japonicum for 12d serine protease inhibitor genes expression were down-regulated. It was suggested that the mice and Microtus fortis share reverse expression patterns, which was helpful to deeply understand the molecular mechanism of natural resistance of Microtus fortis to Schistosoma japonicum.

Isolation and Identification of Isoflavones from Trifolium pratense

HUANG Shengyang,TU Pengfei

2004, 40(4):  544-549. 

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To investigate the chemical constituents from the ethanolic extract of Trifolium pratense. Eight known compounds were isolated by using various column chromatographies and identified on the basis of spectral analysis. These compounds are prunetin (1), irilone (2), biochanin A (3), formononetin (4), pratensein (5), genistein (6), calycosin (7) and daidzein (8).

Long-Term Changes of NMDAR Subunit mRNA Expression Induced by Early Magnesium-Free Treatment in Developing Cortical Neurons of Rat

WANG Jingmin,JIANG Yuwu,CAO Haiyan,BO Tao,WU Xiru

2004, 40(4):  550-556. 

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To explore long-term changes of NMDAR subunit mRNA expression induced by early magnesium-free treatment in developing cortical neurons of rat. The seizure model was recurrent epileptiform discharges induced by transient magnesium-free media treatment in the primary cultured embryo cortical neurons of rat. According to different treatment to cortical neurons at cultured day 6, three groups were divided: regular DMEM medium (CONT1)、regular extracellular solution medium (CONT2) and magnesium-free extracellular solution medium (MGF). The neuronswere exposed to above three media for 3h in cultured day 6, and then cultured in regular DMEM medium again. The expression of NMDAR subunit NR1, NR2A, and NR2B mRNA was measured using fluorescent real-time quantitative RT-PCR at different cultured day (7、12、17). Our results in group MGF showed that NR1 mRNA expression decreased at d7 and increased at d12 (p<0.05), NR2A mRNA expression decreased at d12 and increased at d17 (p<0.05), and NR2B mRNA expression increased at d7 and d17 (p<0.05). There were not statistic significant differences of mRNA expression of NR1 at d17, NR2A at d7, and NR2B at d12 among three groups (p>0.05). There were significant alterations of proportion of NR1/NR2A, NR1/NR2B and NR1/NR2A/NR2B mRNA expression at d7, d12 and d17 in group MGF. The change of NMDAR subunit mRNA expression may be resulted by long-term changes of early magnesium-free treatment in developing cortical neurons of rat.

Stability of α-Chymotrypsin in Different Media

SHEN Hongyan,ZHOU Chuang,YE Yunhua,TIAN Guiling

2004, 40(4):  578-582. 

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The activity and stability of α-chymotrypsin in different media were studied. The influence of organic solvents, pH values, ionic strengths and ionic types on the stability of α-chymotrypsin was preliminarily studied. The secondary structure of α-chymotrypsin in different pH was studied by circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The results showed that α-chymotrypsin could maintain its high activity and stability in some organic solvents for a long time. And the CD spectra of α-chymotrypsin in solutions with different pH showed that in pH 10.0, the content of α-helix and (or) β-sheet of α-chymotrypsin was higher than that in pH 5.0 or pH 7.0. The influence of ionic strengths on the activity and stability of α-chymotrypsin was different in different pH values.

Effects of Gonadotrophins on Expression and Activation of STAT3 in Immature Mouse Uterus

TENG Chunbo,SONG Xiaoming,MA Hong,YANG Zengming

2004, 40(4):  565-572. 

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STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) is important for embryo morphogenesis, cell growth, apoptosis and cell mobility. The aim of the study was to examine STAT3 expression and activation in immature mice after gonadotrophin treatment by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry methods. The expression, tyrosine-phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3 were increased in the luminal and glandular epithelium of immature mice after PMSG treatments. hCG treatment 48h after PMSG treatment can sustain the tyrosine-phosphorylation of STAT3 in the nuclei of luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium and increase expression and phosphorylation of STAT3 in uterine stromal and muscle cells in 24h. hCG treatment alone can increase expression and activation of STAT3. In summary, gonadotrophin can stimulate the expression and activation of STAT3 in mouse uterus, indicating that Jaks-STAT3 signal pathway may act in uterine proliferation after gonadotrophin treatment.

Physiology Effect of Dissolved Oxidation Concentration on Suspension Culture of Taxus cuspidate

WEI Zuojun,YUAN Yingjin,NI Jinren

2004, 40(4):  573-577. 

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The physiology effect of the variation of the uniform dissolved oxidation (DO) on suspension culture of axus cuspidate was studied. The results showed that the cell respiratory was suppressed under the conditions of pure dissolved oxidation (DO=350) and low dissolved oxidation (DO=0 and 10), resulting in the decrease of the mitochondria activity. The contents of the intracellular and extracellular soluble proteins changed little under the low dissolved oxidation culture condition. However, under DO=350 and 40, the intracellular protein tended to increase. In addition, the content of extracellular phenol was accumulated in both pure oxidation and low oxidation conditions.

Construction and Identification of t-PA Variants Gene Transfected Cell Lines

LI Min,WANG Yujiong,CUI Jingrong,HU Rongliang,ZHANG Shoufeng

2004, 40(4):  583-587. 

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The eucaryotic expression vector pCSRA and pCSRK, each of which included different t-PA mutant gene, were transfected into CHO-dhfr^- independently by liposome-mediated method; then through diplex choice of G418 and DMEM, the authors had got the stable cell lines of the two. Monitoring result showed that the expression products had good cellulolytic activity; the result of Western-blotting showed that they had the specific antigenicity; and passaged for many times, the cell lines had heredity stability to a certainty. For the expression quantity of the target product of pCSRK in CHO-S-SFMⅡ was as twice as in regular medium DMEM, it showed that SFM would be used to produce the medicinal protein. Thus it had done spadework under certain degree for the usages of new-type mutants of t-PA in clinic.

Construction and Expression of the Recombinant Dscu-PA(B)

ZHANG Leiliang,GUAN Shengxi,JIANG Jingjing,YU Meimin,RU Binggen

2004, 40(4):  588-593. 

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A recombinant chimeric plasminogen activator (dscu-PA(B)) was constructed, consisting of the decorsin (platelet aggregation inhibitor), fused via a 15-amino-acid linker (Gly₄Ser)₃ sequence to the N-terminal of the B chain of urokinase (comprising Leu159 through Leu 411). The recombinant protein was produced in E.coli host strain Rosetta(DE3)plysS after IPTG induction and exited in inclusion body. The stability of plasmid was studied. After refolded in vitro, the chimeric protein was purified by Zinc chelate-Sepharose chromatography and SP Sepharose chromatography in sequence. The molecular weight was 33.735kD by MALDI-TOF analysis. The special activity of the chimera was 90000IU/mg detected by fibrin plate determination. It was also shown that chimera inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in a concentration dependent manner. Inhibition of approximately 50% aggregation was achieved at a concentration of approximate 0.31μmol/L, which was a little lower inhibition potential than that of decorsin. These results showed that the chimeric protein had not only high thrombolytic activity but also anti-thrombus function. Further evaluation of the thrombolytic potential in appropriate animal models seems to be investigated.

Jurassic Coal in Yanqi Basin (Xinjiang,China): Geochemical Characteristics of Trace Elements and Their Implications

CUI Guanglai,QUAN Shujin,WU Chaodong

2004, 40(4):  594-600. 

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Trace elements data for the coal seams in the Jurassic system are used to assess the sedimentary environments of Yanqi Basin, Xinjiang, China. The concentrations，distribution and occurrences of state about trace elements are discussed. Detailed geochemical characteristics on trace elements reveal that: (1) the content of trace elements is low as a whole, but P, V, Ti values are relatively high, indicating that Yanqi Basin belongs to a kind of inland lake environment; (2) they are concentrated obviously on the edge of the basin, the roof and floor and interlayer of the coal seams; (3) P, Sr, Co show affinities with organic matter, however, Cu and Ti mainly associated with clay minerals; (4) the geochemical features, the colorsof sediments and the appearance of coarse detritus in Xishanyao Formation demonstrate that the coal-accumulating environment was gradually transferring from freshwater to brackish in the Jurassic system, and correspondingly the palaeoclimate was changing from humidity to drought.

Petrology of Yangzhuang Formation and Its Geological Significance, Middle Proterozoic Jixian System from Jixian, Tianjin, North China

LIU Bo,ZHANG Xiulian

2004, 40(4):  601-610. 

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The Meso-and Neoproterozoic section of Jixian in Tianjin, China is highly worthy of integrated research, in which the Yangzhuang Formation takes the role of linking the old and new strata. The thickness of Yangzhuang Formation is small compared with the whole Proterozoic section, but it has multiple types of rocks with special origins. The main kinds of rocks include carbonate rocks, tuffite, siliceous rocks and quartz sandstone. Carbonate rocks are predominantly composed of intra-clastic dolostone, chert dolostone and sand-bearing dolostone. Tuffite is formed by the combination of volcanic ashes and carbonate mud. The thin-bedded siliceousrocks include chert and depositional quartz with textures of oolite and pebble. The quartz sandstone appears in the upper member of Yangzhuang Formation as thin-bedded strata with double peaks of grain size distribution. The petrology reveals that the sedimentary environment of the study area is carbonate tide-flat and shallow sea which is also strongly affected by the volcanic materials and wind-brought clastics during the period of Yangzhuang. The mentioned volcanic activity in Yangzhuang Formation is expected to propel the study of the Proterozoic chronology and tectono-sedimentary evolution of North China.

6S Model Based Atmospheric Correction of Visible and Near-Infrared Data and Sensitivity Analysis

GHULAM Abduwasit,QIN Qiming,ZHU Lijiang

2004, 40(4):  611-618. 

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Due to the distortions and noises caused by the presence of the atmosphere on the Sun-target-Sensor path, the space-based and airborne remote sensing information in the solar spectral range do not directly characterize the surface objects. It becomes serious impediments for the quantitative analysis and measurement of resources and environment. Ergo, the atmospheric effects are necessary to be removed, especially in land surface remote sensing and applications. An operational method of correcting visible and near-infrared data for atmospheric effects is presented. The method, which is based on 6S (Second Simulation of Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum) and isochronous meteorological information on sensing time, is used to atmospheric correction of ETM+ visible and near-infrared bands. Sensitivity analysis is conducted by comparisons of corrected and uncorrected reflectance data including spectral brightness and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The research shows that 6S atmospheric simulation model reduces the uncertainties in the process of electromagnetic wave transmission and eliminates effectively the perturbation from geometric and system corrected remote sensing imagery.

A Fast Walkthrough Method for Massive Terrain Based on Data Block Partition

MA Zhaoting,PAN Mao,HU Jinxing,WU Huanping,WANG Zhangang

2004, 40(4):  619-625. 

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Walkthrough in massive terrain data is a key technology and difficult problem of GIS, VR, game and simulation, etc. Based on current LOD algorithms and GPU technology of the computer, a fast walkthrough method with data block partition, out-of-core and static LODs is implemented. With view frustum culling based on nodes of block, triangle strip optimizing, cracks elimination and geomorphing, the efficiency and effect of the method are greatly increased.

Relationships of Gender Role and Fundamental Personality Dimensions

LU Qin,SU Yanjie

2004, 40(4):  642-651. 

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Since Bem brought forward the theory of androgyny and constructed Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) in 1974, social gender role has become a focused point in psychological researches. The authors explored the relationships of university students\' gender role and Chinese fundamental personality dimensions with revised BSRI and QZPS (Qingnian Zhongguo Personality Scale). 600 undergraduates students from four universities in two cities acted as subjects. The results showed that significant positive correlations were among the masculinity and extroversion, talent, honest; femininity and good-heartedness, interpersonal relations; But no significant correlations were found among masculinity, femininity and emotionality.

Ore Body Spatial Data Interpolation in 3D Visualization Environment

WU Jiansheng,WANG Yanglin,ZENG Xinping,HE Zhijun,CHEN Zhenghui

2004, 40(4):  635-641. 

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The spatial data interpolation in geosciences is mostly in two-dimensional space. With three-dimensional environment the three-dimensional spatial data interpolation is possible. Most of ore body grade was calculated by hand, but in 3D visualization environment it can be calculated quickly and precisely. This method includes three parts. The first is that the three surface model is built with visualization technology. The geology body is simulated correctly and its shape is easy to analyze. The second is that the body is disassembled using block model. The inner of ore can be modeled by block model. The third is that inverse distance and Kriging methods are used in spatial data interpolation. The result from example researching shows that the spatial data interpolation methods in 3D environment are reasonable. The tonnage and metal reserve can be calculated.

Research Situation and Prospect of Hydrocarbon Migration in China

LI Duoli,GUAN Ping

2004, 40(4):  658-668. 

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Hydrocarbon migration is a very important research aspect in petroleum geology and exploration. It is also a complicated problem influenced by lots of controlling factors and involves many scientific and engineering aspects. Development of hydrocarbon migration researches in China is summarized. A variety of methods such as geological, geochemical, physical, geophysical, experimental modeling, and numerical modeling areused to study the mechanisms of hydrocarbon migration in recent years. Particularly, numerical modeling has drawn extensive attention in researches. Some scholars consider other new factors which effect hydrocarbon migration, e.g. ground stress, channel and block on the pathway, phase-state of fluids, etc. Three-dimensional numerical models are developed by many researchers, including some new modeling methods such as artificial neural net work simulation, alternating-direction implicit interactive scheme, and second order splitting-up implicit interactive scheme. The authors also point out the development trends in the future.

Vegetation Development and Aeolian Activities in Bashang Area of Hebei Province and Otindag Sandy Land of Inner Mongolia

HE Gang,LIU Hongyan

2004, 40(4):  669-675. 

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Bashang area of Hebei Province and Otindag Sandy Land of Inner Mongolia are key regions in desertification studies. Studies on vegetation development and desertification in this area are critically reviewed and commented. Vegetation degradation is the general trend during the past 6000 years in millennium scale. Although human cultivation has a relatively short history, vegetation degraded remarkably during the past 50 years. Vegetation degradation and desertification are strongly correlated with the frequently occurred sandstorms in Beijing area; however, the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Three key problems for future studies are suggested. They are: (1) Integrated study on a ecological transect from Beijing to Otindag Sandy Land; (2) Modeling vegetation development and aeolian activities; (3) Tempo-spatial patterns of desertification.

Vegetation Development and Aeolian Activities in Bashang Area of Hebei Province and Otindag Sandy Land of Inner Mongolia

HE Gang,LIU Hongyan

2004, 40(4):  669-675. 

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Bashang area of Hebei Province and Otindag Sandy Land of Inner Mongolia are key regions in desertification studies. Studies on vegetation development and desertification in this area are critically reviewed and commented. Vegetation degradation is the general trend during the past 6000 years in millennium scale. Although human cultivation has a relatively short history, vegetation degraded remarkably during the past 50 years. Vegetation degradation and desertification are strongly correlated with the frequently occurred sandstorms in Beijing area; however, the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Three key problems for future studies are suggested. They are: (1) Integrated study on a ecological transect from Beijing to Otindag Sandy Land; (2) Modeling vegetation development and aeolian activities; (3) Tempo-spatial patterns of desertification.