This paper intends to understand the relationship between campus exclusion, resilience, parental-child relationship and adolescents’ externalization behavior. To explore the mediating role of resilience in the impact pathway of campus exclusion on adolescents’ externalization behavior, as well as the moderating role of the parent-child relationship in this pathway, 543 junior high school students in Guizhou were measured by using the adapted inventories of the Adolescent School Exclusion Scale, the Resilience Scale for Adolescents, the Parent-Child Intimacy Scale, and the Conduct Problem Tendency Scale. The results indicated that campus exclusion can positively predict the externalization problem behaviors of adolescents. Resilience played a partial mediating role in the impact pathway of campus exclusion on adolescent externalization behavior. This means campus exclusion can not only directly predict adolescent externalization behavior positively, but also indirectly predict adolescent externalization behavior through resilience. Parent-child relationships positively regulated the mediating effect of resilience, specifically the first half of the pathway, where parent-child relationships significantly positively regulated the impact of campus exclusion on adolescent resilience. As adolescent parent-child relationships improved, the predictive effect of campus exclusion on adolescent resilience increased. From this, it can be seen that campus environment, family relationships, and individual resilience can all affect adolescent externalizing problem behaviors.